Free essays on chemistry are educational resources that allow individuals to learn more about the science of chemistry at no cost. These essays cover a wide range of topics, from basic concepts in chemistry to more complex scientific theories and experiments. They provide insights into the chemical properties of various elements and compounds, the history of chemistry and its contributions to society, and the latest developments in this field. By reading these essays, students can deepen their understanding of chemistry and gain valuable knowledge that can help them in their academic and professional pursuits.
Eutectic Temperature Of Naphthalene Biphenyl System
Abstract Thermal analysis of a solid-liquid phase using cooling curves at various compositions is a method used to obtain the eutectic composition and temperature of naphthalene-biphenyl. The XE was 0. 45 and the TE was 310. 3K these are slightly different from the theoretical values which are 0. 44 and 312K respectively. Results The cooling curves obtained from both groups Group A Group B The table with the mole fraction and the actual masses added. RUN| Group A| Group B|…...
ChemistryMaterialsMechanical EngineeringPhysicsThermodynamics
Luminol Synthesis
Abstract: Chemiluminescence occurs in nature and can be found in everyday products. For example, the light omitted by fireflies, deep sea fish and glow sticks is a result of this process. Luminol was synthesized from from 3-nitrophthalic acid and then combined with potassium ferricyanide and hydrogen peroxide to omit a blue light. The product of this reaction is very unstable and is made by losing a nitrogen and the electrons go from an excited state to ground state and energy…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryMaterials
4-methylcyclohexene
Abstraction 4-methylcyclohexanol was synthesized to 4-methylcyclohexene utilizing desiccation. 4-methylcyclohexanol was heated to reflux and the subsequent distillation ( 4-methylcyclohexe ) was collected. It was so purified utilizing Na chloride to divide merchandises and an anhydrous solid was so added and filtered. The resulting merchandise had a mass of 0.399 g and a percent output of 41 % . The merchandise was positively identified and characterized as 4-methylcyclohexene via IR and Br2 trial. Introduction Cyclohexene From Cyclohexanol Lab Report Conclusion To…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryMaterialsSodiumWater
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Is Skim Milk A Homogeneous Mixture
A heterogeneous mixture that would be Solid/Liquid would be Skim milk. Although skim milk contains mostly water it also contains casein, which is a small protein. The casein protein is so small it may not be thought to be a heterogeneous mixture, but fifth skim milk curdles the mixture can be separated. A Solid/Liquid solution could be Seawater. The seawater is homogeneous which makes it a solution. The mixture of oil and vinegar to make a vinaigrette salad dressing is…...
ChemistryMaterials
Cooling Curve Of Paraffin Wax
A cooling curve is actually a line graph representing the change in the state of matter of a substance, either from solid to liquid or liquid to solid. In this graph, time is usually represented on the x – axis and temperature on the y – axis. The particles in the wax in the solid state slowly start to get more energy when heated and start to move more rapidly at a certain temperature and then change to liquid. When…...
ChemistryHeatPhysicsThermodynamicsWater
Analytical Device
The following sample essay on "Analytical Device": describing biosensor as analytical device and It's benefits. A biosensor is an analytical device which uses biologically-sensitive material to detect biological or chemical species directly without the need for complex sample processing. It is usually made by attaching a biologically-sensitive material to a suitable transducing system, which converts the biochemical response into a quantifiable and processable electrical signal (Ngweinbi & Suleiman, 1990). The biologically-sensitive materials can be an enzyme, multienzyme system, organelle, membrane…...
BiologyBiotechnologyChemistry
Free Space Permeability
1. Gather all necessary materials listed above 2. Using the electronic scale, measure the mass of the wooden block and record this, taking into account uncertainties where applicable. 3. Attach the string to the wooden block, and the other end to a mass-hook. 4. Place the sheet of sandpaper underneath the block and tape the sheet firmly in place on the table using sticky-tape (also note the exact position of the block on the sheet as we will try to keep that constant…...
ExperimentForceFrictionPhysicsPrivacy
Culminating Task
“Chemistry; the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the investigation of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change; and the use of these processes to form new substances.” Introduction Generally, chemistry is the study of substances, compounds, and the ways they’re created. Chemical equations represent what occurs in a chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is made up of reactants and products. The reactants are the…...
ChangeChemical ReactionChemistryMaterials
Energy Sources On Planet Earth
‘The perpetual cycle of change which has created the face of the Earth, with all its rugged and Fascinating variety usually happens too slowly to be noticed. But occasionally it is rapid and Violent. Volcanoes disgorge molten lava, earthquakes rip open the landscape, landslides, carry away Whole mountainsides. Then human beings become aware of the awesome forces that are shaping Their planet. These forces are fuelled by three powerful sources of energy – heat from within the Earth, heat from…...
EarthEvaporationRainVolcanoWater
Contrast The Strengths Of The North And The South
The following sample essay on Contrast The Strengths Of The North And The South There were many strengths of both the union and confederate states. But the most abundant strengths belonged to the Union. Such was the very large population. This enabled the Yanks to have more people to go to war, more people to work the industry, more people to supply goods by farming them, and most important of all, they had plenty more reserves to send to the…...
ContrastLifePersonalityStrengths
Grainstack (Sunset)
Impressionist paintings are put into a category based on certain characteristics.Such features include light that draws attention to objects, rough textures, and visual pleasure that the viewer receives upon looking at paintings.Grainstack (Sunset)by Claude Monet is a great example of this.During the time this painting was done, there were several disturbances going on in Europe, such as high rates of suicide and the creation of anarchist groups.It was during this time period that Monet wanted to establish himself as a…...
ColorCommunicationPaintingVisionVisual Arts
Unknown Project Microbiology
Microbiology Project The purpose to this lab was to isolate and identify two unknown bacteria from a mixed culture provided to us. This study was done by applying all of the methods that have been instructed on thus far in microbiology laboratory class. Each test performed, provided us with some key information about the unknown microbes in question . The identification of unknown bacteria is a time honored part of microbiology courses. It will challenge knowledge and skill in performing…...
BacteriaBiologyChemistryMicrobiology
Global Warming Cartoon
Global Warming Cartoon Analysis The man holding the sign cannot conclude the effects of climate change just by looking at the climate over a short time span. One heavy snowstorm is not enough evidence to conclude the effects of climate change. It is saying that scientists trying to prove global warming do not research thoroughly enough and often change their point of view. My reaction to this cartoon is that I disagree with the cartoon that we still do not…...
ClimateClimate ChangeExperimentGlobal WarmingHistoryResearch
Preparation Of Salts
1. INSOLUBLE SALTSSoluble salt 1(aq) + soluble salt 2(aq) insoluble salt + soluble salt (aq)acid 1(aq) acid 2(aq)Pb(NO3)2(aq) + Na2SO4(g) PbSO4(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)Pb2+(aq) + SO2-4(aq) PbSO4To prepare a salt, you should firstly thoroughly mix the solution, then you should filter it to remove any precipitate. Next, you should, wash with distilled water and finally leave to dry in the oven.2. SOLUBLE SALTSa. Filtrationi. acid + base salt + waterH2SO4(aq) + CuO(s) CuSO4(aq) + H2O(l)H2SO4(aq) + Mg(OH)2(s) MgSO4(aq) + H2O(l)ii. acid…...
ChemistryMaterialsSodiumTitrationWater
Peter mckinnon uses a wide range of photography techniques and
Peter mckinnon uses a wide range of photography techniques and styles, from interesting angles of not only portraits but also landscapes to different lighting techniques not commonly used by a photographer. Peter McKinnon tends to almost invent photography trends for small time photographers such as ourselves who want to make it big in the photography industry as well as teach us how he uses these photography trends in our own photographs, he does this through the platforms YouTube and Instagram…...
ColorCommunicationPhotographyVisionVisual Arts
INTRODUCTIONMotor skills must be taught in order to be
Introduction Motor skills must be taught in order to be performed proficiently (Logan, Robinson, Wilson, & Lucas, 2012). The speed-accuracy trade-off is the relationship between how fast a movement is completed and the accuracy of the movement. Hsieh, Pacheco and Newell (2016) discuss that when completing a movement task quickly and increasing movement speed there is greater chance of making more mistakes and being less accurate. Freestone, Ferdinands and Rooney (2015) conducted an experiment to test the speed-accuracy trade-off with…...
ExperimentHuman NatureKinesiologySkillsWork
Stiff written by author Mary Roach gives the reader an insight into
Stiff, written by author Mary Roach gives the reader an insight into the world of a cadaver and their significant role in the medical/ sciences fields. Roach wanted her readers to change their opinions about death, by realizing the numerous options a dead body can undergo and get a more valued afterlife. It might change the perception of the reader by making death not to seem like a terrible upcoming event in ones lives. Roach researched the bodies donated to…...
ExperimentResearch
School supplies are necessary to every individual we can use it in
School supplies are necessary to every individual, we can use it in many angles such as writing reports, improving outputs, finishing school works and many more. Mostly students and teachers stand in need of those materials in school. Marker is very essential for any student or teacher regardless to which prohibition they belong to, it is just likely important as a pen or pencil is to any student or teacher. With regards to their functions, it is not concealed that…...
BlackboardColorExperimentMaterialsPencilRecycling
Irrigation – Supplying Water to Fields That Lack Moisture
The following sample essay on "Irrigation - Supplying Water to Fields That Lack Moisture" is to push the peruser to a superior comprehension of the water quality than assistance with picking appropriate choices to acclimate to potential water quality-related issues that may diminish creation under winning states of utilization. Irrigated agribusiness is at risk to a satisfactory water supply of available character. Water quality concerns have every now and again been expelled in light of the way that extraordinary quality…...
ChemistryMaterialsSaltSodiumWaterWater Quality
Social Norms and Self Presentation
The following sample essay on"Social Norms and Self Presentation ": discussing theme of self presentation and normal behaviors in society. Norms are the rules of behavior that are acceptable within members of the community. In other words, norms are unwritten rules about how to act in certain situations. They are the expectations that must be followed by a group or community. Unusual norms are adjustable according to the circumstances. Norms help outline what is acceptable behavior and what is not.…...
BehaviorCommunicationExperimentHuman NatureSocial Psychology
Essay Examples on Pablo Picasso
Writing a good essay on Pablo Picasso requires you to get an idea of what to write about. To get inspiration, please go through our essay examples on this topic. Pablo Picasso Essays: Table of Content Cubism and Pablo Picasso Essay Painter Pablo Picasso Essay My Reflection on Three of Pablo Picasso's Works Essay Pablo Picasso's Art Essay Cubism and Pablo Picasso Essay Cubism, which began very shortly after Fauvism, isexemplified by Pablo Picasso.In this movement the flattenedspace including background…...
Abstract ArtColorCulturePaintingVisual Arts
Characterization of Bio-Based Materials
CHARACTERIZATION OF BIO-BASED MATERIALS BY PYROLYSISAbstract: - Universally all over world, the scrutinizers are gathering their knowledge in the field of conventional energy and unconventional fuel. Scrutinizers are working in bio fuel from the natural material and also scrutiny for the use as energy resource in any form. Bio fuel is going to play a vital role for future generation in the world. The paper provides the information about the production of bio-oil from bio based products. The oil characters…...
ChemistryMaterials
PY2245 Cognitive Psychology SAQ 1 Compare and contrast deductive
PY2245 Cognitive Psychology SAQ1. Compare and contrast deductive and inductive reasoning. Use examples to explain.Deductive and inductive reasoning share the aim of holding valid arguments and are based on evidence however deductive reasoning uses top-down logic by moving from generalisation to more specifics, for example, testing a theory through a hypothesis. Deductive reasoning draws a conclusion which are very much or certainly valid as long as the premises which allowed the conclusion to be reached has some truth (Eysenck…...
ArgumentsContrastEpistemologyLogicPsychologyReasoning
Tulving And Pearlstone 1966 Experiment
These results show a clear difference in the number of words recalled between participants using free and cued recall. The mean score has a difference of 19. 3. This is a large difference and shows a considerable insight to the input cues have on the recovery of information from the memory. It accepts the encoding-specificity principle by Tulving and Thompson (1973). It also accepts the experimental hypothesis; the participants given retrieval cues did recall more words from the list than…...
CommunicationEpistemologyExperimentHuman Nature
Hooke’s Law Experiment Conclusion
The aim of this experiment is to investigate Hooke’s law for simple springs of rubber. The relationship between a load force and a light spring (F=k. x) was first determined by Robert Hooke in the 17th century. Where F is the force applied to the spring, k is the spring constant, and x is the extension of the spring. Hooke’s law states that when an elastic material is subjected to a force, its extension (x) is proportional to the applied…...
ExperimentForcePhysics
Pan’s Labyrinth Essay
Pan’s Labyrinth The director Guillero Del Torro uses many motifs and parallels in his film Pan’s Labyrinth. The most obvious parallel in the film is the parallel between the real world and the fantasy world of the character Ofelia. Both worlds are filled with danger. At any second in both of these worlds your life could be lost. Del Torro separates the real world from the fantasy world with many visual motifs. One of the visual motifs is the extreme…...
ColorCommunicationPan'S Labyrinth
Solubility Of Potassium Chlorate
My plan is to find the determination of solubility curve of potassium chlorate.PredictionMy prediction is to find that the solubility of potassium chlorate (kClO3) increases as the temperature increases.ApparatusThe apparatus that I used during the experiment were* Bunsen burner* Tripod* Gauze* Safety goggles* Heat resistance mat* A boiling tube* A test tube rack* Thermometer* Burette* Two glass beakers* Two grams of potassium chlorateSafety measuresWear safety goggles and lab coat.When do the experiment stand up don’t sit down.Use caution when dealing…...
ChemistryExperimentWater
Magnesium and Copper’s Potential Energy Difference
Magnesium, due to its reactivity, has a very high potential energy, so the electrons travel from it to the copper, which has a very low potential energy due to its unreactivity. The difference in the potential is called the cell potential difference. If the difference of potential energy is large, then clearly the voltage produced by the galvanic cell will also be large as voltage is potential difference. From the electrochemical series, magnesium has a standard electrode potential of -2.…...
ChemistryElectricityMaterials
Ph Lab Report Discussion
Introduction: Substances, even household substances, can be acidic, basic, or neutral. Acids and bases are called aqueous solutions, or mixtures of certain substances dissolved in water. The amount of acidity or basicity can be measured by using the pH scale. The scale runs from 1-14. The scale has to do with the amount of hydrogen ions [resent in a substance. Hypothesis: Our hypothesis for this experiment consists of twelve different substances.Essay Example on Ph Lab Report Sample The tomato juice…...
ChemistryMaterialsPhWater
White Lies Poem Analysis Essay
In the poem “White Lies” by Natasha Trethewey I felt like this poem represents imagism because it mentions six different colors all describing lies. It’s about an African American girl that may tell little lies that don’t really mean much. She lies about where she lives, where she brought her clothes, and would also lie about being African American. When she lies about her skin color in the line, “I could even keep quiet, quiet as kept, like the time…...
ColorCommunicationPoetry
How Does The Height Of A Ramp Affect The Distance Of A Toy Car
I will carry out an experiment to answer this question.I will do this by making a ramp with an adjustable height and rolling a toy car down it to see how long it travels before it stops. I will then work out the work done by using this equation -Force (n) x distance (m) = work done (mgh)I predict that the greater the slope of the ramp the longer the model will take to stop.This will happen because the higher…...
EnergyExperimentFriction
Heat Engine Lab Report
Heat engine lab Intro: when an engine runs, it pumps pistons that move up and down and provide energy to the engine to it to go. These pistons move because of pressure and heat. This work done on the system is not only mechanical but its also thermodynamic. When a piston undergoes one full cycle its displacement is zero because it comes back to its resting place. This means that its net thermodynamic work to be done should also be…...
ChemistryEnergyHeatMechanical EngineeringPhysics
Polythene Pollution Essay
Additionally these microanalysis in presence of IV ray can absorb Pubs (polycarbonate phenyl) causing a greater toxic effect in Polythene debris can transport organic pollutants in the seas and water. Coca ins. ; Many marine organ minims like bryozoans, barnacles, polyphosphates, crabs and mollusks inhabit on plastic and are transported along with the ocean current to the new sites where they act as alien species upsetting the ecological balance of the site. ; Polythene , a petroleum product is a…...
ChemistryManufacturingMaterialsPlasticPollutionRecycling
Essay Example on Hydrogen Spectrum
The following sample essay on Essay Example on Hydrogen Spectrum. A hydrogen discharge tube is a device that can trap small amount hydrogen in a sealed tube of glass, and if potential difference is applied to that tube an emission of an atomic spectrum can be produced. The emission of the spectrum is produced from the excitation of the hydrogen electron (by the voltage) to a higher energy level and falling back to its original one. In this practical a…...
ChemistryLightPhysicsQuantum MechanicsScientific Method
Research Proposal On Nanoparticles
A nanomaterial is a material (including powder, aerosol or quasi-gas, liquid suspension, gel) with special properties because of its size and nanometric structure. Many materials are investigated to produce the form of nanoparticles (metals, ceramics, dielectrics, magnetic oxides, various polymers, carbon, etc.), Alone or in forms or composite structures. Nanomaterials are – in common sense – usually nanotechnology, unlike nanoparticles that can be naturally occurring or result from processes such as welding, smoking, polishing, etc. There is also nanocomposites which…...
ChemistryMaterialsNanotechnology
Research Proposals On Waste Management
Waste management is the system of processes and their control which are aimed at the collection, transportation, recycling and utilization of wastes. The term ‘wastes’ means the products of the human activity which are no longer used or must not be used because of their harmful qualities. It is obvious that wastes influence the normal life of people, their health badly; moreover, wastes care harmful for the natural environment, animals, plants and fish.Essay Example on Solid Waste Management Research Proposal…...
ManagementManufacturingMaterialsPollutionRecyclingResearch
Viscosity Research Paper
Viscosity (internal friction) is one of the transfer phenomena, the property of the fluid bodies (liquids and gases) to provide resistance to the movement of one part to the others. As a result, there is a dissipation in the form of work heat expended in moving.Essay Example on Research s On Internet Mechanism of internal friction in liquids and gases is that the randomly moving molecules carry pulse from one layer to another, leading to equalization of speed – is…...
ChemistryCivil EngineeringForceFrictionMechanical EngineeringPhysics
Chemistry Proposal Sample
Physical chemistry is the branch of chemistry, the science of the genera; laws of the structure, composition and transformation of the chemical substances.Essay Example on Research Proposal Physical Chemistry Physical chemistry researches chemical phenomena with the help of the theoretical and experimental methods of physics. The history of physical chemistry is quite long and it started in the 18th century when the Russian scientist Lomonosov started to dwell on the issues and relations between chemistry and physics. Physical chemistry can…...
ChemistryPhysicsResearch
Orange Fruit Peelings As Tile Cleaner Investigatory Project
Essay Example on Orange Peel Investigatory Project Introduction. Chapter I Seville orange, sour orange, bighead orange, or marmalade orange refers to a citrus tree (Citrus x uranium) and its fruit. It is hybrid between Citrus maxima (pommel) and Citrus reticulate (mandarin). Many varieties of bitter orange are used for their essential oil, which is used in perfume, as a flavoring and as a solvent. The Seville orange variety is used in the production of They have been the most cultivated…...
ChemistryEthanolLearningMaterialsProjectWater
Bromination Of Alkene Lab Report
Marta Gebregziabher Discussion and Conclusion: Addition reaction of Alkenes: Bromination of (E)-Stilbene 1. Addition reaction is a reaction that involved two molecules that combine to make a larger product. Addition reaction has two main types, electrophilic addition and nucleophilic addition. An electrophilic reaction is when the pi bond of a molecule is removed to make two covalent bonds that are bonded to two new molecules. A nucleophillic addition is a reaction that removed the pi bond from a molecule and…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryMaterials
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