Free essays on Social Science are academic or research-oriented written works that are available online without cost. These essays cover a wide range of topics within the field of social science, including sociology, psychology, anthropology, and economics, among others. They aim to analyze and interpret human behavior and social interactions, to better understand the social world and its dynamics. Free essays on Social Science may offer valuable insights, ideas, and research on current social issues and trends, making them useful resources for students, researchers, and researchers alike.
IB Economics: Perfect competition
IB Economics: Perfect competition For all the market structures, the IB syllabus requires you to describe with examples the assumed characteristics of it. Keep in mind that they are all theoretical models, and some may not occur in real life, but it provides economists with a valuable tool for evaluting the resource allocation and efficiency of more realistic market models. There are 4 main types of market structures, the perfect competition model obviously being part of the perfectly competitive market;…...
Economics
IGCSE Economics: Production and Productivity
IGCSE Economics: Production and Productivity Production Factors of production: land, labour, capital, enterprise. Factors of Production are the resources land, labour, capital and enterprise utilized to produce a good or service. There are four factors of production, which are: Land Labour Capital Enterprise Land These are the natural resources available to us. This not includes land space, but also space in the air, space in the sea, underground space, etc. Capital This is a man-made object used to produce other…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Equity Session 11 – Reading 42 Discounted Dividend Valuation – LOS a
CFA Level 2 - Equity, Session 11-Reading 42 Discounted Dividend Valuation - LOS a (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) In order to properly measure the cash flows of an emerging market company to consider the impact of inflation, one starts the process by constructing the: A) historical financial statements using the temporal method. B) forecasted financial statements using the current method. C) historical and forecasted financial statements in both nominal and real terms (Explanation: Construct historical and forecasted financial statements in…...
Economics
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Session 1 – Reading 4 Institute Research Objectivity Standards – LOS a
CFA Level 2 - Ethical and Standards, Session 1 - Reading 4 Institute Research Objectivity Standards - LOS a (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) When designing policies and procedures to implement the CFA Institute Research Objectivity Standards, all of the following are objectives, EXCEPT: A) put the client’s interest before the firm’s interest, minimize possible conflicts that may adversely affect the independence and objectivity of research, and support self-regulation. B) provide a work environment conducive to ethical behavior, fully disclose conflicts…...
Economics
Exploring the Economic Effects on Inflation, Exports, Imports, and Growth
Economic Effects Economic Effects of Currency Movements: Please note that the following effects occur in the case of a depreciation. Inflation: A depreciation makes imports more expensive. Producers may pass on higher costs of imported components and raw materials onto consumers. This depends on the price elasticity of demand for the good or service in question. Wages may rise in response to this, triggering a wage-price spiral. Conversely, as inflation rises the prices of one’s exports rises: This decreases the…...
Economics
CFA Level 1 – Portfolio Management Session 12 – Reading 52 Portfolio Risk and Return: Part I-LOS c
CFA Level 1 - Portfolio Management, Session 12 - Reading 52 Portfolio Risk and Return: Part I-LOS c (Notes, Practice Questions, Sample Questions) ; 1. A bond analyst is looking at historical returns for two bonds, Bond 1 and Bond 2. Bond 2’s returns are much more volatile than Bond 1. The variance of returns for Bond 1 is 0.012 and the variance of returns of Bond 2 is 0.308. The correlation between the returns of the two bonds is…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Quantitative Analysis Session 3 – Reading 13: Time-Series Analysis-LOS i
CFA Level 2 - Quantitative Analysis , Session 3 - Reading 13 - LOS i (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. Given an AR(1) process represented by xt+1 = b0 + b1×xt + et, the process would not be a random walk if: A) b1 = 1. B) the long run mean is b0 + b1. C) E(et)=0. Explanation: B) For a random walk, the long-run mean is undefined. The slope coefficient is one, b1=1, and that is what makes the…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Corporate Finance Session 13 – Reading 50: Investing in Commodities-LOS b
CFA Level 2 - Corporate Finance, Session 13-Reading 50 Investing in Commodities-LOS b (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1) The portfolio manager of a passively managed commodity futures index fund establishes a collateralized position in soybean futures. The manager would most likely realize: A) A positive roll yield in a contango market B) A positive roll yield in a backwardated market. C) A positive roll yield only in either a contango or backwardated market [Explanation: (B) — In a backwardated market,…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Corporate Finance Session 13 – Reading 49 Investing in Commodities-LOS d
CFA Level 2 - Corporate Finance, Session 13-Reading 49 Investing in Commodities-LOS d (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) Which of the following statements is the least appropriate? A) Debt amortization in a leveraged buyout investment increases risk to the investor as it is a burden on the firm’s cash flow. B) Leverage in a leveraged buyout investment can be advantageous as debt amortization can magnify investor returns. C) Leverage in a leveraged buyout investment can be disadvantageous as debt increases risk…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Equity Session 11 – Reading 42 Discounted Dividend Valuation – LOS c
CFA Level 2 - Equity, Session 11-Reading 42 Discounted Dividend Valuation - LOS c (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) The value per share for Burton, Inc. is $32.00 using the Gordon Growth model. The company paid a dividend of $2.00 last year. The estimates used to calculate the value have changed. If the new required rate of return is 12.00% and expected growth rate in dividends is 6%, the value per share will increase by: A) 4.17%. B) 9.51%. C) 42%.…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Quantitative Analysis Session 3 – Reading 13 Time-Series Analysis – LOS h
CFA Level 2 - Quantitative Analysis, Session 3 - Reading 13 Time-Series Analysis - LOS h (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. The primary concern when deciding upon a time series sample period is which of the following factors? A) The length of the sample time period. B) The total number of observations. C) Current underlying economic and market conditions. (Explanation: There will always be a tradeoff between the increase statistical reliability of a longer time period and the increased stability…...
Economics
IGCSE Economics: Demand
IGCSE Economics: Demand Introduction: Demand refers to the willingness and ability of someone to pay for a good or a service at a given price. There is a negative relationship between price and quantity demanded. When there is a fall in price and a resultant increase in quantity demanded than there is an expansion. When there is a rise in price and a resultant fall in quantity demanded than there is a contraction. (Expansion and contraction are also used in…...
Economics
CFA Level 3 – Ethical and Standards Session 2 – Reading 4
CFA Level 3 - Ethical and Standards, Session 2 - Reading 4 (Notes, Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. All of the following would be effective components of a formal compliance system EXCEPT: A) the investor's objectives and constraints should be maintained and reviewed periodically to reflect any changes in the client's circumstances.(Explanation — According to Standard III(A) – Loyalty, Prudence, and Care, “members shall use particular care in determining applicable fiduciary duty.” Under ERISA, a fiduciary has the duty to…...
Economics
Changing Employment Patterns and Practices
Changing Employment Patterns and Practices Changing Patterns & Practices of Employment Organizations are evolving to meet the ever changing business environment; Employment practices are also changing Working from home Tele-working Flexi-time Part-time Job sharing Contract workers (Hired for a period of time) Flexible work structures ’Flexible working’ describes any working pattern adapted to suit your needs Flexi-time: choosing when to work (there’s usually a core period time during which you have to work) Staggered hours: different starting, break and finishing…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Fixed Income Session 15 – Reading 57 Mortgage-Backed Sector of the Bond Market-LOS m
CFA Level 2 - Fixed Income, Session 15-Reading 57 Mortgage-Backed Sector of the Bond Market-LOS m (Notes, Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. Which of the following statements is most accurate concerning the effect of defeasance on the quality of a Commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) loan pool? Defeasance: A) increases the quality of a CMBS loan pool by requiring fees for late payments. B) decreases the quality of a CMBS loan pool by selling some of the pool as payments come…...
Economics
CFA Level 3 – Ethical and Standards Session 2 – Reading 5
CFA Level 3 - Ethical and Standards, Session 2 - Reading 5 (Notes, Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. Marc Feldman, CFA, is manager of corporate investor relations for a high-tech startup, zippy.com, in Boise, Idaho. Feldman learns that Larry Smith, controller, is altering the accounting records. Knowing the data is incorrect, Feldman releases Smith's financial data to investors. This action: A)constitutes a violation of the Standard concerning duty to employer. B)constitutes a violation of his fundamental responsibilities under the Code…...
Economics
CFA Level 3 – Derivatives Session 15 – Reading 37
CFA Level 3 - Derivatives, Session 15 - Reading 37 (Notes, Practice Questions, Sample Questions) An investor believes that a stock they own will continue to oscillate in price and may trend downward in price. The best course of action for them to take would be to: A)enter into both a covered call and protective put strategy. B)sell call options on the stock. C)buy put options on the stock. Explanation — A: With a stock that is oscillating in price…...
Economics
Navigating Ethical Waters: The Role of the American Counseling Association’s Code of Ethics
In the counseling profession, maintaining ethical standards is paramount. Ensuring that counselors uphold these values and principles is the American Counseling Association's (ACA) Code of Ethics. It acts as the guiding beacon, illuminating the path that counselors must tread in the interest of their clients and society. Let's explore this critical document, its sections, its significance, and how it shapes counseling practice in the United States.At its core, the ACA Code of Ethics is a comprehensive, practical guide designed to…...
Society
Drop Squad: A Profound Exploration of Culture and Consciousness
The cinematic universe is no stranger to narratives that challenge norms and provoke thought. One such motion picture that has stirred discourse since its release in the 1990s is "Drop Squad." Directed by David Johnson and produced by Spike Lee, the film explores themes of cultural identity, societal pressures, and the struggle to maintain authenticity in an increasingly homogenized world. This post will delve into the nuances of "Drop Squad," its central themes, and its enduring relevance today."Drop Squad" is…...
Society
Muhammad Ali: A Champion in the Ring and a Warrior for Civil Rights
The world remembers Muhammad Ali as one of the greatest boxers of all time, a heavyweight champion who dominated the sport with his speed, skill, and unprecedented fighting spirit. But Ali's influence extended far beyond the ring. He was a stalwart champion of civil rights, using his platform to challenge racial prejudice and socio-economic disparities. This post will delve into Muhammad Ali's life as a civil rights activist and how his efforts helped shape the landscape of American society.Born as…...
Society
Ongka’s Big Moka: A Glimpse into the Intricacies of Tribal Economics
'Ongka's Big Moka' is an intriguing anthropological documentary that provides a fascinating insight into the socio-economic practices of the Kawelka tribe in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. The film revolves around the character of Ongka, a tribal leader, as he spends several years meticulously preparing for a 'Moka' - a ceremonial exchange of gifts.The Moka is an integral part of the Kawelka tribe's culture, serving as a means of establishing and reinforcing social relationships, demonstrating generosity, and gaining prestige.…...
Anthropology
Wilde’s Mastery of Dialogue: The Exchange Between Gwendolen and Cecily in ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’
"The Importance of Being Earnest" remains one of Oscar Wilde's most iconic and enduring plays, a classic example of his unique wit and incisive social commentary. One of the most intriguing aspects of the play is the dynamic exchange between Gwendolen and Cecily, two central characters whose dialogue serves multiple purposes, underscoring Wilde's narrative ingenuity.Gwendolen Fairfax and Cecily Cardew, two characters set up as rivals for the affections of the nonexistent 'Ernest', provide Wilde with an opportunity to skewer societal…...
Society
A Mirror to Society: A Reflection on the Manorexia Documentary
Eating disorders are a pervasive issue in society, often framed and discussed in the context of female sufferers. However, the Manorexia documentary bravely delves into an often-overlooked segment of this crisis: men grappling with eating disorders. A raw and powerful portrayal of male anorexia (termed 'manorexia'), this documentary challenges stereotypes, breaks barriers, and illuminates the silent struggle many men face, making it a pivotal contribution to the discourse on mental health.The Manorexia documentary masterfully navigates the intricate landscape of societal…...
Society
The Achilles Heel of Bureaucracies: A Case of Inflexibility
Bureaucracies, often associated with efficiency and order, form the backbone of many organizations and governments worldwide. However, like any system, they are not without their weaknesses. In this post, we examine one common vulnerability that plagues bureaucracies: inflexibility. We delve into the implications of bureaucratic rigidity and explore how it can hinder progress, stifle innovation, and impede effective decision-making.The Pitfall of Inflexibility:Rules Over Adaptability: Bureaucracies are characterized by a rigid set of rules, procedures, and hierarchical structures. While these elements…...
Society
The Harold Washington Cultural Center: A Beacon of Art and Heritage in Chicago
At the heart of Chicago's historic Bronzeville neighborhood stands an impressive edifice dedicated to preserving and promoting the city's rich African American culture: the Harold Washington Cultural Center (HWCC). Named after Harold Washington, Chicago's first African American mayor, this facility serves as a vibrant hub for the arts, education, and community building, reflecting the spirit of its namesake.Since its inception in August 2004, the Harold Washington Cultural Center has been an active contributor to the cultural fabric of Chicago. The…...
Culture
Aqsaray: Unveiling the Hidden Gem of Historical Marvels
Welcome to Aqsaray, a captivating city steeped in history and brimming with architectural wonders. In this post, we embark on a journey to explore the hidden gem that is Aqsaray. Nestled in the heart of ancient civilizations, this city holds a rich cultural heritage and offers a mesmerizing glimpse into the past. Join us as we uncover the historical marvels that make Aqsaray a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and explorers alike.Aqsaray: A Tapestry of History:The Crossroads of Civilizations: Situated…...
Culture
Sailing Through Time: The Colorful Tapestry of the Chesapeake Colonies
Ahoy, history buffs! Let's set sail on a voyage through time, navigating the choppy waters of the Chesapeake Colonies. These colonies, nestled along the picturesque Chesapeake Bay, were nothing short of revolutionary in shaping the trajectory of what would later become the United States. From the fragrant tobacco fields of Virginia to the bustling ports of Maryland, the Chesapeake region is a tapestry woven with threads of enterprise, adversity, and cultural amalgamation. So, anchors aweigh as we dive into the…...
Slavery
Voices of Justice and Equality: A Summary of “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”
"Letter from a Birmingham Jail" is a profound and influential document that encapsulates the struggle for civil rights in the United States. Penned by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. during his incarceration in Birmingham, Alabama, this heartfelt letter serves as a powerful testament to the fight against racial segregation and injustice. In this article, we delve into a comprehensive summary of "Letter from a Birmingham Jail," exploring its key themes, arguments, and enduring impact.Summary of "Letter from a Birmingham Jail"Dr.…...
Sociology
Exploring the Central Claim of “What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?”
On July 5, 1852, Frederick Douglass, a former slave and prominent abolitionist, delivered a powerful speech that challenged the national consciousness of the United States. His address, titled "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?", remains one of the most potent condemnations of American slavery. This post seeks to unpack the chief claim of Douglass's groundbreaking oration.At its core, "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" seeks to expose the stark contradiction between the ideals of…...
Slavery
Hanging Fire: Navigating the Turbulence of Adolescent Emotions
Hanging Fire, a phrase that encapsulates the delicate balance between adolescence and adulthood, embodies the tumultuous journey of self-discovery, emotional turbulence, and societal pressures. In this thought-provoking exploration, we delve into the depths of Hanging Fire, examining the complexities and unique experiences that shape the lives of adolescents as they navigate the intricacies of identity formation, emotional challenges, and the quest for belonging. The Conundrum of Adolescence Adolescence, often described as a liminal phase, represents a bridge between childhood innocence…...
Sociology
Unveiling the Flames: Symbolism in Fahrenheit 451
Ray Bradbury's classic dystopian novel "Fahrenheit 451" presents a future where books are outlawed, and 'firemen' are employed not to put out fires, but to burn books. Bradbury's narrative is not merely a speculative take on the future; it is a symbolic representation of societal concerns. This post will delve into some of the core symbols in "Fahrenheit 451" and discuss their relevance and implications.Fire is the most potent and recurrent symbol in "Fahrenheit 451." Initially, fire represents mindless destruction,…...
Society
The Scarlet Spectrum: Unraveling Themes in Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter
Nathaniel Hawthorne's "The Scarlet Letter" is a classic literary masterpiece that dives deep into the human condition's complexities. This tale, set in a 17th-century Puritan society, uses the story of a woman named Hester Prynne and her illegitimate daughter Pearl to bring forth potent themes such as sin, guilt, punishment, identity, and society's hypocrisy.The pervasive theme of sin, guilt, and punishment echoes throughout the narrative. Hester's sin is evident - she bore a child, Pearl, out of wedlock. She's punished…...
Society
The Color of Fear: A Potent Exploration of Race Relations
"The Color of Fear" is an illuminating documentary film, designed to prompt thoughtful discourse on race and racism in America. It captures the profound, often uncomfortable conversations about race that are crucial to understanding and addressing systemic racism. Directed by Lee Mun Wah, this riveting documentary takes the viewer on an intimate journey, exploring the depth of racial ignorance, prejudice, and fear that pervades American society.The film employs an unconventional approach, gathering eight men of diverse ethnic backgrounds for a…...
Society
Logan Killicks: A Study of an Overlooked Character in Zora Neale Hurston’s ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God’
Zora Neale Hurston's celebrated novel 'Their Eyes Were Watching God' takes us on a remarkable journey through the life of Janie Crawford, a Black woman seeking love and self-discovery in the early 20th century. While characters like Janie herself and her third husband, Tea Cake, often take the limelight in discussions about the novel, Janie's first husband, Logan Killicks, deserves a closer look. Although Logan’s time in the narrative is brief, his character is essential in propelling Janie on her…...
Society
Reconstructing Perspectives: The Successes and Failures of the Post-Civil War Era
There's an old saying: history is written by the victors. This notion can be applied to one of the most tumultuous periods in U.S. history: the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877), following the conclusion of the Civil War. A time of drastic change and societal rebirth, the period marked an inflection point in the ongoing journey of the United States. And yet, over 150 years later, the verdict is still out: Was Reconstruction a success, a failure, or a complicated mix of…...
Slavery
Navigating Public Spaces: A Reflection on Brent Staples’ ‘Just Walk on By’
Brent Staples' groundbreaking essay, 'Just Walk on By: Black Men and Public Space,' stands as a potent commentary on racial bias and the African American experience. Through his personal encounters, Staples addresses the assumptions, prejudices, and fears that society often unfairly assigns to black men. This post aims to delve deeper into the compelling narrative of 'Just Walk on By' and its enduring relevance in our society today.In 'Just Walk on By,' Staples recounts his experiences as a black man…...
Society
Unraveling Happenstance: Exploring the Meaning and Beauty of Serendipity
In the intricate tapestry of life, unexpected encounters and fortuitous moments often shape our journey in profound ways. Happenstance, a term imbued with intrigue and possibility, encapsulates the magic of unexpected occurrences and the beauty of serendipity. In this article, we embark on a captivating exploration of happenstance, delving into its definition, significance, and the remarkable role it plays in shaping our lives.Defining Happenstance: Embracing the UnexpectedHappenstance can be best described as a fortuitous or accidental occurrence that takes place…...
Sociology
Racial Formation: Unraveling the Complex Tapestry of Identity and Society
Racial formation is a multifaceted concept that encompasses the intricate interplay between individual identity, social constructs, and historical context. It refers to the ways in which societies construct and interpret racial categories, shaping notions of identity, power dynamics, and social hierarchies. In this thought-provoking exploration, we delve into the depths of racial formation, examining its complexities, historical roots, and its profound impact on the fabric of society. Understanding Racial Formation Racial formation goes beyond the biological or genetic aspects of…...
Race And Ethnicity
The Backbone of the Retail Giant: An Exploration of Walmart’s Human Resources (HR)
Walmart, a household name, and a retail behemoth owes much of its unprecedented success to its diverse and dedicated workforce. The company boasts over 2.3 million associates worldwide, each playing a vital role in ensuring smooth operations and customer satisfaction. Behind the scenes, ensuring the wellbeing and effective management of this immense workforce, is Walmart's Human Resources (HR) department.The Role of HR at WalmartThe HR department at Walmart functions as the company's backbone, navigating the complexities of managing such a…...
Employment
NSI Nursing Solutions: Pioneering Innovation in Healthcare Staffing
In the ever-evolving landscape of healthcare, the role of efficient and skilled nursing cannot be overstated. NSI Nursing Solutions, an industry-leading provider of healthcare staffing solutions, is committed to ensuring that hospitals and healthcare facilities are equipped with the best talent to deliver exceptional patient care. This post will delve into the inner workings of NSI Nursing Solutions and the pivotal role it plays in shaping the face of healthcare.NSI Nursing Solutions, with its foundation rooted in the principles of…...
Employment
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