Free essays on philosophical theories are scholarly works that explore various philosophical concepts, ideas, and principles. These essays provide insights into different theories and philosophical ideas, and they are intended to help readers gain a better understanding of the philosophical concepts discussed. These essays may focus on topics such as morality, ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, and logic, among others. They are written by experts in the field and are free to access, providing an excellent resource for students, academics, and anyone interested in exploring philosophical theories.
Massive Nationalist Movements of European Expansion
The driving forces behind European expansion overseas can be seen as both political and economic. The past century has seen numerous theories emerge and develop on the causes of such expansion. From the first political diplomatic interpretations and classic economic theories of Lenin and Hobson of the first half of the century. To the more recent variants on these original theories: expansion driven by extreme mass nationalism, or by the profound economic power imbalance for example. Theories have often tried…...
CommunicationInternet PrivacyNationalismPoliticsWebsite
Enlightenment Essay
The Age of Enlightenment also referred to as the Age of Reason was an intellectual movement that characterized the world of ideas in Europe in the course of the 18th century (Roberson 246). There are different factors that led to the Enlightenment movement. They include the power struggle between the state and the church. It was also caused by the discovery of new societies by the West with different cultural traditions and values. In addition, many intellectuals were angered by…...
CultureEnlightenmentEthicsPhilosophical TheoriesPhilosophyPolitics
Absurd Literature
Similarities between non-sense and absurd literature: challenge, deny and even deride reason, rationality and the quest for meaning. Differences: both existentialism and absurd literature is historically more recent in British culture, whereas non-sense is at least a century older and is a local tradition of British (L. Carrol, non-sense verse-limericks). Nonsense is mainly a comic genre, a form of humor, whereas existentialism and the absurd have a tragic extent to it, are depressive. Nonsense literature apparently constructs the same meaningless…...
CultureExistentialismHuman Nature
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Existentialism VS Fatalism in Grendel
Position Paper: Existentialism VS Fatalism After reading Grendel, I have come to the conclusion that fatalism is the predominant determinant in the novel and in Grendel’s life. Throughout all of Grendel’s day to day actions, one can synthesize a claim as to what is going to happen next to Grendel. One can come to these predeterminations by inferring subliminal messages from the Dragon’s speech. In chapter five, Grendel meets the Dragon. The Dragon is a unique character who is an…...
BeowulfExistentialismFateGrendelPhilosophical Theories
Gettysburg Address And American Romanticism
Name: Tutor: Gettysburg Essay American Romanticism in Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address Several aspects of American Romanticism are evident in Abraham Lincoln’s “Address Delivered at the Dedication of the Cemetery at Gettysburg, November 19, 1863”. Much of the Romantic language used in this excerpt illustrated the nation’s state and the Civil War. An aspect of American Romanticism stems from the theme of the Civil War. In the beginning of the address, Lincoln commences by asserting that, “our fathers brought forth on…...
Abraham LincolnAmericaCountryCultureHistoryMedieval Europe
Giuseppe Mazzini
Nationalism was becoming a growing issue in nineteenth century Europe, during the time of the great powers. Nationalism is an ideology based on the premise that the individuals’ loyalty and devotion to the nation surpass other individual or group interests. This was becoming a big problem, since certain people started becoming radical and commenced influencing populations to revolution; in Italy the population was influenced to create a united nation by Giuseppe Mazzini and Camillo Cavour. The Italian population wasn’t only…...
ItalyLiberalismPhilosophical TheoriesPolitical SciencePolitics
Comparison of More’s and Hythloday’s Utopias
In the following example, the essay talks about the comparison of More's utopias and Hythloday. Read the introduction, body and conclusion of the essay, scroll down. More’s Utopia is concerned with the theory of the creation of a supreme new country in which there is an ideal solution to all the problems existing in More’s lifetime. While the text is concerned with describing the ideal new world that has been seen by Raphael Hythloday it is attempting to avoid is…...
BeliefCulturePhilosophical Theories
Main Characters In Hotel Rwanda
Kant in “Hotel Rwanda” The Ethical theory of Emmanuel Kant is based on the idea that morality is based on good will, not happiness. Kant believed that as long as a person had good intent, then the action was also good no matter what the outcome was. If a person chose to do something good, but for unmoral reasons rather than out of respect for the law, then they did not have good intent and therefore the action is bad,…...
CharacterEthicsHotel RwandaImmanuel KantLawPhilosophical Theories
Parable Of The Sadhu Summary
In The parable of the sadhu Bowen H. McCoy recounts an ethical conflict that confronted he and his companion Stephan while on a private mountaineering expedition in the Himalayas. On the verge of traversing a high altitude pass, which constituted the goal of their expedition, McCoy’s group discovered a near naked local native (sadhu) on the verge of death from starvation and hypothermia. McCoy’s group clothed the old man and pointed him in a direction where after two days of…...
EthicsPhilosophical TheoriesReason
Relations Of Ideas And Matters Of Fact
Hume makes a distinction between relation of ideas and matter of fact. Relation of ideas is a priori, meaning that it can be justified by reason. It does not depend on something else that exists in the universe. Denying, or trying to falsify the propositions is a contradiction or inconceivable. People gain this knowledge intuitively, or through demonstrative reasoning. Matters of fact are posteriori in that they are only justified through experience. They are possible, but they may not be…...
EpistemologyLogicPhilosophical Theories
Negative decision
The following sample essay on how would you respond when someone makes a decision that adversely affects you while saying “its nothing personal its just business”. Is business impersonal? Ethics are a subjective set of standards used by an individual to guide their actions, and to identify any obligation. They are uninterruptedly evolving code of conduct dependent upon conditions and the life involvements of the individual. With movements that can be measured by “right’ and ‘Wrong”. Ethics are not concerned…...
ContentmentEthicsGeographyHappinessPhilosophical TheoriesScience
Bonds And Recognisances
How far was Henry VII’s control over the nobility in the years 1485 to 1509 due to his financial policies? (24 marks) As Henry was a usurper, it was unlikely that he’d gained much support and loyalty from his Nobles although it did not evade the fact that he had to establish some authority over them. One of the primary methods Henry used was to either punish or reward his Nobility with his financial policies. Henry had a very detailed…...
FrancePacifismPolitics
The Bonesetter’s Daughter
Ghosts are prevalent throughout many novels and are used to create certain affects on the reader. The writers’ purpose in incorporating these ghosts into their novels constitute to various reasons, some that may be quite obvious, while others remain underlying for the readers to interpret and discover on their own. In the novels The Bonesetter’s Daughter, Yo! , and The Antelope Wife, ghosts and supernatural occurrences are all used by the characters in order to retain their authenticity. Amy Tan…...
ConfucianismGhostReasonTruth
Gandhi Satyagraha Summary
Gandhi’s non-violent individual can be described using the two concepts that are most important in his philosophy: ahimsa and satyagraha. Ahimsa, of course is the principle of non-violence. Mahatma Ghandi believes that the love of God or the Supreme Being must necessarily manifest in all of our actions. This means that we should practice non-violence. In Ghandi’s spiritual point of view, we have struggles that we need to fight internally. These are desires, fear, worry, and anxieties. But these fights…...
Civil RightsCultureEthicsGandhiHuman RightsPhilosophical Theories
Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis Existentialism
Existentialism is defined as a modern philosophical motion emphasizing the importance of one’s experience and answerability. Its focal point is the brand on the personal contemplations that these do on the person. who is seen as a free agent in a deterministic and apparently nonmeaningful existence. Its doctrine is punctilious that. in a nutshell. advocates a diverse armory of responses and solutions to the ‘existentialist attitude which basically is what an single feels when confronted by the absurdness of life.…...
ExistentialismMetaphysicsPhilosophical TheoriesPhilosophyThe Metamorphosis
Ethos Pathos Logos Essay Example
Ethos: connection made to the audience, credibility to the author or the opposite If you go to a website, how do you believe It? You look at who’s writing it and what they have done In life. Is the author quoting people, Glenn stats, people talked about Pathos: emotional Impact, Mile talks about her love life, Is crying In the video, interview about what wrecking ball means to her and why people should not judge her Logos: the facts of…...
CommunicationEpistemologyEthosFallacyPhilosophyRhetoric
3 Founding Fathers Of Sociology
Descried by some as the father of American sociology, Lester F. Ward, botanist, paleontologist, and sociologist contended that our sex behavior is greatly overlaid with a deep coat of habit and sentiment, built up under social stimulation. Yet, it must be taken into account in considering social interrelations. Certainly it is connected with the family, that matrix of so much that is port of the social order that we maintain in modern society. “Rivalry, mastery and kindred trends fall, in…...
Max WeberPhilosophical Theories
Socrates Dualism
The following sample essay on "Socrates Dualism": tells about Socrates forms. Descanter’s essence is the inherent substance to which physical properties are built upon. Socrates forms are also cannot be destroyed, and as his notion Of a soul is akin to the forms, the soul also cannot be destroyed. Comparatively, Descanter’s essence has no defined lifespan, but is rather simply better known than the body. Both Socrates and Descartes, in accordance to their Substance Dualism, believe that their respective form…...
CultureEpistemologyMetaphysicsPhilosophersPhilosophical TheoriesPhilosophy
Thematic Essay Question
Danjai Jones 11/21/11 Social StudiesThematic essay question It as once said that “Political, economic and social conditions have often led to turning points that have changed the course of history for nations and peoples. ” In other words at times of discomfort within a region or country they tend to lead to a revolution to meet the most publics wants and needs. One example of a turning point in our history is “The French Revolution”. The reason being for its…...
CultureFranceNatural LawPhilosophical TheoriesPolitics
Balinese Cockfight
Clifford Geertz has used symbolic and interpreted anthropology as a way of revealing ideas on Balinese culture, the symbol being the cockfight. Geertz had difficulty at first communicating and relating with the local people, however once he experienced the cockfight and ran away from the police like the locals did he was immediately welcomed and of high interest to the people of the town as it was of amusement. Here he states “In Bali, to be teased is to be…...
CommunicationCultureHuman NaturePhilosophical Theories
The End of Obedience: Paradoxical Agreement on Intestine Discord
As for the last part of the quote, (“The end of Obedience…by Intestine Discord”), we see that paradoxically, though the people all agree on the fact that they need to follow the judgement of one single authority so as to be protected from the potential threat they represent to each others, this rule can only be enforced upon them by fear. Hobbes’s justification for this is that if they have no other reason to stick to rules but the idea…...
EthicsKarl MarxLibertyPhilosophical TheoriesPolitics
God Will Not Have His Work Made Manifest By Cowards
Applying the Great Man theory of History as a subtext to Ralph Waldo Emerson’s classic essay Self-Reliance makes for an interesting synthesis. The Great Man theory was brought into public discourse by Thomas Carlyle in the 1840s. But most of the later commentators pointed out to some of the misassumptions and flaws in the theory. Chief among them was Herbert Spencer who viewed that great individuals were products of their culture, history and environment and the inverse is seldom true.…...
CultureEpistemologyPhilosophical TheoriesRalph Waldo EmersonWork
Anselm’s Ontological Argument for God’s Existence
Anselm of Canterbury was one of the early promoters of the Ontological Argument supporting the existence of God. He argues that God exists on the basis that ‘something-than-which-nothing-greater-can-be-thought’ should necessarily exist in reality. In other words, just as anything a painter can conceive of can be materialized into a painting, the conception of God is a terminal point for human imagination. To the extent that it is imaginable, the object exists. To the extent that it is the ultimate in…...
CultureEpistemologyMetaphysicsPhilosophical Theories
Heraclitus Philosophy Facts and Analysis
Ancient Greek philosopher: Heraclitus Heraclitus was born in Ephesus. He belonged to an aristocratic family but refused to have a political life. His writing style is unusual, in that many of the surviving fragments are written in short and often cryptic phrases. He was known as the “weeping philosopher”. He was also referred to as “the riddler” or “the obscure one”, due to the puzzling nature of his writings, as well as “the mocker” or “the reviler of the mob”,…...
CultureEpistemologyMetaphysicsPhilosophical TheoriesPhilosophy
The Refutation Of Medical Paternalism
The following sample essay talks about the refutation of medical paternalism. To read the introduction, body, and conclusion of the essay, scroll down. Alan Goldman’s piece. ‘A Refutation of Medical Paternalism’ . contains an statement for why medical paternalism is incorrect. Goldman argues from the thought of ‘The Relativity of Value. ’ Explain this peculiar statement and demo how it is an statement against medical paternalism ( be certainly to first specify what medical paternalism is ) . Do you…...
EthicsLibertyMedical EthicsPhilosophical TheoriesPhysician
Socrates Dialectic
A friend of Socrates, Chaerephon, asked the Oracle of Delphi if there is anyone wiser than Socrates. The goddess answered that there is not. (Plato, p. 50). Aware that he cannot claim wisdom, but intrigued by the Oracle’s answer, Socrates embarks on a journey to find someone who is truly wise. The method he used to establish someone’s wisdom or lack of it has been known as the Socratic dialectic. Socrates’ dialectic technique, its aim and its method will be…...
CultureEpistemologyMetaphysicsPhilosophersPhilosophical TheoriesPhilosophy
Research Paper On Michelangelo
The renaissance was a time of rebirth. It was not only a rebirth for economically, socially, and scientifically, but also for wrists. Michelangelo was one of the great artists that captured the Renaissance through art. He captured the Renaissance in an art piece named Ancestors of Christ: figures (detail). This picture is a picture of a child that represents peacefulness and humanism. The painting was done in 1511 in Cappella, Vatican. The painting is assumed to represent salmon, as Emil…...
CultureHumanismPaintingRenaissance
Representative Realism
Locke and Berkeley's Views on Representative Realism What are Berkeley's main criticisms of Locke's representative realism?Are his objections good ones? Representative realism is the belief that physical objects are independent from the mind and that they carry certain characteristics that have nothing to do with the individual perceiving them.It is the belief that objects exist whether or not they are being perceived or not.John Locke was a realist, who held a strong belief in the idea that physical objects are…...
EpistemologyMetaphysicsPhilosophical Theories
Nietzsche Abyss
"He who fights with monsters should look to it that he himself does not become a monster. And when you gaze long into an abyss the abyss also gazes into you." In this statement, Nietzsche is expressing the familiar occurrence of being absorbed by fears, darkness, and even our own thoughts. In life, people often find themselves confronted with situations in which they must face certain evils in their life. This quote advises that if you choose to resist these…...
CultureFriedrich NietzscheMetaphysicsPhilosophical Theories
Monday Begins On Saturday
Essay on “Monday begins on Saturday” it’s brilliant =))): “Labor legislation violated grossly, and I felt that I had gone any desire to deal with these violations, because here at twelve o’clock Christmas night, breaking through the blizzard, people came, which was interesting to bring to a conclusion or start over again some useful thing, than to turn off the vodka itself is pointless jerk down, play and engage in flirting forfeits different degrees of lightness. These people came, which…...
CommunicationCultureMeaning Of LifeResearch
Allegory Of The Cave Essay
Allegory of the Cave, Plato In this essay I will discuss Plato's Allegory of the Cave and how it expresses his philosophical view on reality versus belief and the process someone has to undergo to achieve enlightenment. Plato lived 427-327 B.C his mentor was Socrates, Plato was a writer and a teacher he writes in forms of dialogues. Plato believed that education is only directing student's minds towards what is important and real. For people to achieve enlightenment they have…...
Allegory Of The CaveCultureEpistemologyPhilosophical TheoriesPhilosophyPlato
Early Bird Catches The Worm Essay
There is no feasible way to trace when the saying “the early bird catches the worm” had been popularized. What is certain is that it has been a popular saying that has been uttered by generations. The saying itself exudes an aura of wisdom. However, it is rarely questioned if what the saying is stating has some truth. Does the early bird always catch the worm?The saying is ultimately talking about punctuality. The saying is seemingly suggesting that punctuality should…...
CatFamilyMetaphysicsPhilosophical TheoriesTruth
Raymond Williams Essays
The term popular culture is one that carries much debate and hysteria into what it actually means. In developing my work I hope to touch upon the various different backgrounds that make up the theory of popular culture and attempt to understand what the term means. In order to investigate what popular culture is it is useful first to clarify what the words represent individually: Popular: liked or enjoyed or used etc. by many people; of or for the general…...
CulturePhilosophical TheoriesPopular CultureTheory
Why Do We Need God Essay
The existence of God has been argued upon and discussed for centuries. It is probably the war between the theists and atheists as well as the bitterness among religions that has kept some of the believers rooted to their faith. At least this gives something to fight for in their otherwise empty lives. I have always found myself in the atheist camp. It is not that I too need a battle and enrolled myself in this ongoing war. My choosing…...
AtheismCultureExistenceMetaphysicsPhilosophical Theories
Why Abortion Is Immoral Summary
The ethics of abortion is very complex and controversial as no single opinion whether it is moral to permit abortions exists. Abortion controversy has continued unabated maybe because the Supreme Court imposed the nation with the idea of abortion on demand. Therefore, Don Marquis, in his paper “Why abortion is Immoral?” provides his own arguments why abortion is the same as killing an adult or human being. The author is trying to provide alternative approach to the controversial debate.Essay Example…...
AbortionEthicsPhilosophical TheoriesSocial Issues
Difference Between Relativism And Absolutism
Explain the difference between absolutist and relativist ethics. The Absolutist theory is the theory that certain things are right or wrong from an objective point of view and cannot change according to culture. Certain actions are intrinsically right or wrong, which means they are right or wrong in themselves. This is also known as deontological. The relativist theory is the theory that there are no universally valid moral principles. All principles and values are relative to a particular culture or…...
EpistemologyEthicsPhilosophical TheoriesRelativism
Relationship Between Metaphysics And Epistemology
Essay Example on Difference Between Epistemology And Metaphysics In many ways epistemology clears the manner for metaphysical building or hypothesis. By adhering to the rules of one subdivision of doctrine. it allows us to go better at seeking within the other. It is true that epistemological thoughts are frequently knocked down by metaphysics. but when one considers that it is wholly possible to establish metaphysical thoughts on epistemology. it becomes clear that the subdivisions of doctrine are really much intertwined…...
EpistemologyExistenceLoveMetaphysicsPhilosophical TheoriesRelationship
One Dimensional Man Summary
Essay Example on One Dimensional Man Summary Considering “false” needs as being socially developed and superimposed upon people at the “base”, Marcuse argues that these needs are products of society in order to repress and dominate people as a whole (pp. 4-6). For example, we truly need food and shelter (in order to survive), but do we truly need cars or computers? His theory is similar to Weber’s theory of bureaucracy in that it explains how the “power elite” represented…...
CultureMax WeberPhilosophical TheoriesSigmund Freud
Ms Found In A Bottle Analysis
“Ms. Found In A Bottle” by Edgar Poe The story for analysis “Ms. Found in a Bottle” is written by Edgar Allan Poe. The text is about a man who describes the loss of a ship and its crew and his own discoveries. So the subject matter is the cognition of life and death. The story begins with the exposition. In this part of the text the narrator tries to persuade the reader that the story he is going to…...
MetaphorSkepticismTruth
Determinism And Possibilism
These two ideas can be almost as conflict-ridden as Creationism and Evolution, with both sides of the fight drawing lines in the sand and rallying behind them. Hopefully the reader of this essay will find that Environmental determinism and Possibility may have different theories, but are not so different when considered towards a problems beginning and ultimately its end.Essay Example on Possibilism And Environmental Determinism Examples of Environmental Determinism could be tropical viruses that cannot flourish outside tropical zones, bananas…...
DeterminismEvolutionWater
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