Free essays on philosophical theories are scholarly works that explore various philosophical concepts, ideas, and principles. These essays provide insights into different theories and philosophical ideas, and they are intended to help readers gain a better understanding of the philosophical concepts discussed. These essays may focus on topics such as morality, ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, and logic, among others. They are written by experts in the field and are free to access, providing an excellent resource for students, academics, and anyone interested in exploring philosophical theories.
The Historical Factors Responsible for the Chinese Empire’s Consolidation
The division in the lands of China came by when the Zhou dynasty lost control of its vassals in the 8th century. The Sui Dynasty in China managed to unite the vast Chinese lands in an empire that had experienced four years of division and internal wars that were bloody. The Sui Empire was successful in restoring stability and prosperity in the country; hence restoring the vast lands from complex classical society. The consolidation in China was as a result…...
ConfucianismCultureHistory Of China
Pragmatism of Madame Flache in Guy de Maupassants Musotte
Within Guy de Maupassant's Musotte play, Madame Flache is a pragmatic character; Madame Flache's behavior is inspired by practical reasoning. To this end, to ensure the success of her midwifery business, Madame Flache assumes a new name. Moreover, Madame Flache observes that, to ensure that the world does not overflow with individuals, births and deaths are essential. This essay highlights that Madame Flache is a pragmatic character based on the following aspects: Madame Flache assumes a new name with the…...
Pragmatism
Historicism and Nationalism in Brave Heart by Mel Gibson
Having seen the film 'Brave Heart‘ by Mel Gibson. l was greatly inspired to discuss the Issues brought up by Anthony Smith In his essay entitled 'Cinema, art, and national identity. In light of this film. Smith’s argument is that in paintings, historical views of a nation convey a variety of meanings and emotions when put Within a frame. Film too performs this task however allowing the expansion of boundaries Within which these meanings and emotions could be conveyed. Smith…...
BraveheartModernismNationalismPainting
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PR and US Legislature & Rights Differences
In this paper I analyze how the history of Puerto Rico's colonization has affected its development as a commonwealth of the United States. The intention of reviewing Puerto Rico's current political strife is to promote an in-depth discussion about how it affects the citizens and their connection to an uncertain political future of territory, statehood, or nationhood. Through academic literature on the history of Puerto Rico and research on the socioeconomic outcome of that history this study will set basic…...
NationalismPoliticsPuerto Rico
A Study of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism
There are numerous types of Buddhism practiced around the world, but the three main schools of Buddhism are Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana. Each particular branch holds distinctive sets of beliefs, practices, and values. However what they all agree on is the primary goal of human existence 7 that is, to reach enlightenment and escape the cycle of rebirth. In Buddhism, reaching enlightenment is so important because that is how one can ultimately end worldly suffering. In Buddhism, enlightenment is defined…...
BuddhismConfucianismTaoism
Taoism and Confucianism as Chinese Guides
The Tao is a word that signifies the “way” or the “path”, It is the intuitive knowing of life that can be known through the living experiences of one’s every day being. It is the flow of the universe that keeps it balanced and ordered Lao Tzu, the founder ofTaoism and author of the Tao Te Ching, says that the Tao is not a name or a thing but natural order of the universe that can’t be described because it…...
ConfucianismPhilosophyReligionTaoism
Taoism & Confucianism in Li Po & Tu Fu’s Poetry
Taoism and Confucianism have a few similarities but are very different. Although they both were ruling philosophies during the Tang Dynasty, their differences were noticeable in the poetry of the time. Through Li Po’s poem, Sitting Alone by Ching-thing Mountain, and through Tu Fu's Spending the Night in a Tower by the River, we can see many of the characteristics of the two thought processes. Sitting Alone by Ching-t'ing Mountain by Li Po is a poem about being alone, but…...
ConfucianismCulturePhilosophyTaoism
Its Natural Through its Unique Experience and Choice
From the moment a child is asked what they want to be when they grow up, they envision the meaning of something in life. They imagine growing up to be an astronaut or a doctor, someone who will make an impact in the world. They envision having a purpose in life, wanting to envision the best for themselves. However, they do not think about all the decisions they will encounter to eventually mean something in the world, the path they…...
ChoicesExistentialismMetaphysicsPhilosophy
The Appeal of Nationhood: National Celebrations and Commemorations
This chapter will discuss more about the phenomenon regarding a nation’s persistence. It focuses on the identity of a nation as well as how a nation was built and who is the society of that nation. The most important point that needs to be highlighted is the word symbol. Symbolism is a concern and a matter in the community of a nation. As symbolism represents subjective theoretical framework, boundaries, and values of a nation itself. Those symbols include flags, statues,…...
National Identity
The Monopoly of the Media in Peru during the Rule of Juan Peron
Nationalism, by definition, is an ideology that functions through popular sentiments of patriotism This, combined with populism, provides the leading power to do whatever he or she pleases; with the backing of the ordinary people as loyal followers, a nationalist populist ruler can easily gain a thirst for power and control over all aspects of society. Juan Peron of Argentina is no exception. He “had campaigned for the presidency on a nationalist and populist note. .. [and] promised truly Argentine…...
CultureMonopolyNationalismPolitics
National Identity And Cultural Heritage
“Either I'm nobody, or I'm a nation.”The self that represents a “nobody” is one without origin and nameless in the eyes of a dominant culture; a self that represents a “nation” is one where it forms itself out of its past. 'The Schooner Flight” written by Derek Walcott encapsulates the issues of identity and community as being formed from the pressures of a foreign power, but also an identity that contains its country’s future. In Jamaica Kincaid’s novel, A Small…...
Cultural HeritageNational Identity
The Controversial Argument That MMR Vaccines Can Cause Autism in Children
You’ve probably heard it before, “MMR Vaccines can cause autism,” There has been very much controversy on this topic. One side argues that vaccines can put your child at risk for autism, The other side explains that there is no possible link between autism and vaccines. Several different studies have taken place in order to prove whether there is a link or not. However, people are still unsure of the truth “Some parents feel certain that vaccines can lead to…...
AutismFallacyVaccines
A Look Into Biological Determinism & Social Constructionism
In the article, “The Social Construction of Gender” by Judith Lorber, she discusses the fabrication of gender as a mass media manipulation. She goes into how gender is so bred into us, that we just associate it with our genes. Lorber does an excellent job of shining light on the issue of how we as humans, create “gender” from our everyday human interaction, social life, and the order of our social life. The main point that Lorber is trying to…...
Determinism
Idealism in Taps Movie
Idealism is a central topic in Taps since it defines the state of affairs for Bunker Hill Military Academy. The young cadets are impeccably represented and have set their minds on protecting their school at all costs, driven by their leaders. The filmmaker seeks to point out how idealism is an essential factor in the various avenues. Idealism focuses on the creation of the ideal conditions of life out of the manifestation of the thoughts (Guyer). The lives of the…...
Idealism
Locke vs Sartre: Determinism vs Free Will
Many philosophers hover over the topic of determinism versus free will; do we live in a world where individuals can choose, think, and act voluntarily, where their actions can change the outcomes of events, or do we live in a deterministic world, where all outcomes and events are set to occur and avoiding them is impossible. John Locke believed in a deterministic world, where individuals cannot change the outcomes of events; in contrast, Jean-Paul Sartre believed in a world where individuals make their…...
Determinism
Thomas Nagel’s Argument on the Incompatibility of Determinism With Free Will
Thomas Nagel states that determinism and free will are two incompatible with one another as they completely contradict one another. Thomas Nagel states that in determinism, people do not have free will as the universe brings out the totality of circumstance that leads you to do certain actions, such as eating a cake instead f of a peach. As free will is an act where you, yourself choose what to do and carefree to act differently, dedeterminingwhere you could,t is…...
Determinism
The Argument Between Free Will and Determinism
The argument between free will and determinism has been contended about for hundreds of years. What are the main differences between the two viewpoints? If a person were to look in a dictionary, free will would be defined as the power, attributed to human beings, to freely make choices that are unimpeded by outside conditions or by an agency that would control such things as fate or divine will. Free will lets humans make choices of their own. On the other side of…...
Determinism
An Explanation of Human Behavior Through Social Determinism
Human behavior is the product of millions of years, and throughout our existence, our behavior has always been the subject of profound research and questioning. There exists a great diversity of various social, anthropological, or psychological theories, which tend to explain human nature and analyze our behavior by this or that particular idea. Such theories are known as deterministic ones, as they seek the clue in just one area of human performance. Among such an abundance of theories, it is…...
Determinism
Understanding the Existence of Free Will and Determinism
Does free will exist? On the surface, the answer may seem obvious free will exists. If you are hungry, you can choose to go grab a bag of potato chips or a yogurt. Do we have the ability to make conscious decisions in our lives or do we? If you dig a little deeper, the idea that free will doesn't exist doesn't sound so absurd. If all of our decisions are based on some combination of our genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and…...
Determinism
Determinism and Free Will’s Effect on Actions and Responsibility
Whether our actions are free, predetermined, or both is a topic that has been widely debated and remains unclear today. Is the relationship between our actions and responsibility accurately described by determinism, compatibilism, or free will? Analyzing the nature and implications of both free will and determinism reveals that neither one of the two completely accounts for all of our actions. We are not completely free when making our decisions because everything is a chain of cause and effect, with…...
Determinism
Albert Camus Talks About Existentialism and the Absurd
In examining the works of authors, we are able to see a wide variety of key factors that play an important role in their lives. These authors include different elements in their novels and stories to present a deeper meaning within their work. In his various books, short stories, and plays, the French novelist and writer Albert Camus relate to his philosophical beliefs: particularly existentialism and the absurdity, as well as his pairing idea of rebellion. Camus’ most notable works…...
Albert CamusEthicsExistentialism
Camus’ the Guest: Is There Such Thing as a Lesser Evil
In The Guest by Albert Camus, the necessity of choice is a large theme throughout the story. The main conflict of the story follows Daru struggles to make the “right”, peaceful decision in a time of hostility between France and Algeria. The theme of choice is so large in fact, that it may be one of the reasons why Camus is remembered as a prominent existentialist writer. However, compared to other existentialist works of the time, Camus more often brings…...
Albert CamusExistentialismFree Will
Essentialism or Existentialism: Which Can Lead to a Brighter Education System
As a mechanical engineering student that someday wishes to become a teacher and educate the new generation of students, it’s essential to distinguish and qualitative compare the different philosophical approaches in education. Is essentialism the way towards a stronger education system in America or does existentialism have a stronger implementation for a stronger education system in America? The ideas, both essentialism or existentialism approach, affect education. The implementation of these two ideas reaches far beyond most classrooms and institutions of…...
EducationExistentialismPhilosophy
To Read Is to Penetrate
I love reading novels, all the time, but I have never been into any kinds of philosophical book until this core course. It was really challenging for me to fully understand all the texts we covered this quarter, but I was fascinated by one particular topic - Existentialism. “Always to be unshaped” has been my motto for a long time, but I was doubted, denied, and contradicted myself and the environment around me until I found out the match between…...
ExistentialismOptimismPhilosophy
A View on the Existentialism and Human Freedom by Jean Paul Sartre
In “Existentialism and Human Freedom”, the author, Jean Paul Sartre, discussesexistence and identity. The first main point is that in terms of humans, “existence precedes essence.” Essence makes a thing what it is. It is how we categorize things. It is a summation of all the qualities of an object or a person that we are able to observe. It comes after existence because, according to Sartre, we are bom blank and develop our essense after coming into existence. This…...
Philosophical TheoriesTabula Rasa
The Social Problem of Gun Violence in the United States
Gun Violence Gun violence in the U.S. can exhibit many different aspects from the modem liberal theories of Kant, Locke, and Smith. First, Kant’s exploration of social criticism can play a key role in why people participate in gun violence. Not all, but many perpetrators who use firearms to harm people in their community feel victimized or threatened by the structure or acts of society. A key example of this can be seen in…...
Philosophical TheoriesTabula Rasa
A Discussion on Whether Ideas Are Innate
"Ideas are innate", discuss Innatism is the theory that we are born with knowledge and ideas, meaning that from the moment we are born, we all start with certain innate ideas. Rene Descartes was one such believer in innate knowledge. Descartes was a skeptic and doubted everything. The reason Descartes did not doubt innate ideas was that some ideas had no satisfactory empirical origin, and so he thought there was no other explanation than that we are born with these…...
Philosophical TheoriesTabula Rasa
The Origins and Meaning of Knowledge and Tabula Rasa
How knowledge is obtained is a question that has been studied for years. Knowledge is something one gains throughout life. From the time of birth, knowledge begins. A group of philosophers stated the mind was a Tabula Rusa. This means the mind begins like a blank sheet of paper. So, if the mind begins as they suggested how does one gain knowledge. As humans, it is assumed that all people have knowledge. But what exactly is knowledge defined as and…...
Philosophical TheoriesTabula Rasa
Distinction of the Philosophies of Locke and Descartes
When I think of something significant that indicates the concept of knowledge, I think of Epistemology. This is one of the most significant divisions of philosophy. There has been numerous of efforts by philosophers to find the source of knowledge. Knowledge is the ethics or principles by which we can criticize the dependability of knowledge itself. Even though we are sometimes shocked to realize that something that we once believed in or still do believe in was sure and certain,…...
IdealismMindTabula Rasa
Symbol of The Connection Between The Holocaust and The Resurrection
The State of Israel is not only a symbol of the Holocaust-resurrection nexus; Israel is duty-bound to carry the additional burden of sounding a public alarm when any injustice is committed and it has a unique moral imperative in the conduct of its own affairs. When we deal with the issue of particularism and universalism, it is important to note that Christianity, in its attitude toward secular society, regularly projects a universal normative climate of sorts (at least among the…...
HumanismSymbol
“Beginning Theory: An Introduction and Cultural Theory”
In Peter Barry’s book entitled he discusses what he perceives the future of literary theory will be like in the “Theory after Theory” chapter. While he is discussing his ideas about future literary theory, he maintains the theories that have been learned and discussed through literature. Barry states that he “mentioned the common feeling… that the real business of literary theory was already over”. Barry claims that literary theory did not fade or become unimportant, rather it transformed into new…...
HumanismTheory
History 9 The Modern World Review Sheet
Brianna Khrakovsky History Midterm Notes: Room - 105Essential Questions How and why were empires between 1350 and 1600 successful at maintaining and expanding?What were the causes and consequences - intended and unintended - of European exploration in the Atlantic Ocean?To what extent was Europe’s transformation in this time period a result of internal conditions or of external factors?To what extent was the transformation of the world of the Indian Ocean in this time period a result of internal conditions or…...
Humanism
Advanced Evolution Power Technologies
Thesis Statement: Research shows that transhumanism is just the secularist way to replace religion. They are seeking meaning, fulfillment, and an elevation of one’s self. Technology is worshipped for its perceived power of advanced evolution. But in the end technology will fail for it is manmade, who is fallen and without God the creator of all one can never reach their full potential. This article shows that transhumanists are confused about their own ideas of the posthuman. Transhumanists expect significant…...
HumanismTechnology
Psychology Over The Years
Although there is still improvements to be made, psychology has grown increasingly inclusive over the years. Trail Blazers such as Ken Clarke, the first black president of the APA, and Maragret Floy Washburn, the first woman president of the APA, have contributed greatly to the advancement of diversity & inclusivity within the field of psychology. Embracing a more relativistic approach allows for psychology to better understand the issues facing marginalized communities by better understanding the sociocultural context in which they…...
HumanismPsychology
Concepts Of Western Civilization
Humanism has been a defining concept of the western civilization that introduced modernity along with renaissance and reformation. The executives of humanism left a lasting and powerful impact on the entire society. These humanistic ideals worked in almost every field of life like philosophy, religion, art, politics and many more. The humanistic movement was actually an educational program that introduced modernism. Humanist Leonardo Bruni and Leon Battista Alberti showed great work in the field of literature. Although they incorporated more…...
CivilizationHumanism
Confucian Values and Fujianese Migration Patterns
The Fujianese population is a group from Fujian province in southeastern China. The Fujianese population have their own distinct dialect (called fuzhouhua or Fuzhounese) separate from the Chinese official language, Mandarin (Lai et al., 2013). There is a growing interest in the Fujianese population among researchers due to its illicit immigration status and sociocultural background. The Fujianese are engaged in illicit immigration to the United States, making up about 85% of all undocumented Chinese in the 1990s (Lai et al.,…...
Chinese CultureConfucianismCulture
Theorists Who Have Significantly Influenced Gender Equality
Throughout queer history, there have been multiple events as well as figures that have shaped today’s acceptance and understanding of sexuality and gender in particular. The following writing will analyze three particular interventions of thinking as well as interventions of critical theorists that have had a significant impact on the world’s understanding of gender and sexuality over time, resulting in our understanding of queer theory today. First, the existentialists were one of the most important and influential groups during the…...
ExistentialismGender EqualitySimone De Beauvoir
The Analects of Confucius
The Analects of Confucius were one of the first pieces we read in class and one that has stuck with me. We discussed in class the deeper meaning of each of the different statements and as to how they are “rules” in life. In this paper, I want to discuss Book 1 and how it was comprised of the themes of Confucius’ teaching. Confucius was an active leader and in The Analects of Confucius, he describes attributes of leaders along…...
ConfucianismConfucius
Muslim Representation: Nationalism in India
Madhavi (2009) has drawn a close link between masculinity and nationalism as she argues that nationalism in India and Hindi cinema is mainly advocated through maleness. An idealised picture of the Hindu male is mostly permeated through Hindi cinema. Madhavi (2009) states that in mainstream popular culture, teleserials on Lord Ram helped establish this idea of the ‘ideal’ male. He was identified as a righteous Hindu man and a warrior thus further attempting to turn the male Hindu into a…...
DutyIndiaNationalism
National School Lunch Program
School lunch in the U.S has been around since the end of WW2 when the National School Lunch Program(NSLP) launched in 1946 by President Harry Truman. Even before the program came around some areas started serving lunch in 1894 like Boston and Philadelphia. The early start was to make sure to not let the kids go through a malfunction in the 20th centuries. The lunch hour was considered the main meal of the day and before kids and parents would…...
FoodNationalismSchoolSchool Lunches
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