Free essays on economics are academic papers written in the field of economics that are available for free to anyone who needs them. These essays cover a wide range of topics, from macroeconomics to microeconomics, international trade, finance, environmental economics, development economics, and more. They can be a useful resource for students, professionals, and anyone who wants to gain a deeper understanding of economic concepts and theories. Free essays on economics can also provide examples of academic writing and research that can help students develop their own writing and analysis skills.
CFA Level 1 – Portfolio Management Session 12 – Reading 52 Portfolio Risk and Return: Part I-LOS c
CFA Level 1 - Portfolio Management, Session 12 - Reading 52 Portfolio Risk and Return: Part I-LOS c (Notes, Practice Questions, Sample Questions) ; 1. A bond analyst is looking at historical returns for two bonds, Bond 1 and Bond 2. Bond 2’s returns are much more volatile than Bond 1. The variance of returns for Bond 1 is 0.012 and the variance of returns of Bond 2 is 0.308. The correlation between the returns of the two bonds is…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Quantitative Analysis Session 3 – Reading 13: Time-Series Analysis-LOS i
CFA Level 2 - Quantitative Analysis , Session 3 - Reading 13 - LOS i (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. Given an AR(1) process represented by xt+1 = b0 + b1×xt + et, the process would not be a random walk if: A) b1 = 1. B) the long run mean is b0 + b1. C) E(et)=0. Explanation: B) For a random walk, the long-run mean is undefined. The slope coefficient is one, b1=1, and that is what makes the…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Corporate Finance Session 13 – Reading 50: Investing in Commodities-LOS b
CFA Level 2 - Corporate Finance, Session 13-Reading 50 Investing in Commodities-LOS b (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1) The portfolio manager of a passively managed commodity futures index fund establishes a collateralized position in soybean futures. The manager would most likely realize: A) A positive roll yield in a contango market B) A positive roll yield in a backwardated market. C) A positive roll yield only in either a contango or backwardated market [Explanation: (B) — In a backwardated market,…...
Economics
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CFA Level 2 – Corporate Finance Session 13 – Reading 49 Investing in Commodities-LOS d
CFA Level 2 - Corporate Finance, Session 13-Reading 49 Investing in Commodities-LOS d (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) Which of the following statements is the least appropriate? A) Debt amortization in a leveraged buyout investment increases risk to the investor as it is a burden on the firm’s cash flow. B) Leverage in a leveraged buyout investment can be advantageous as debt amortization can magnify investor returns. C) Leverage in a leveraged buyout investment can be disadvantageous as debt increases risk…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Equity Session 11 – Reading 42 Discounted Dividend Valuation – LOS c
CFA Level 2 - Equity, Session 11-Reading 42 Discounted Dividend Valuation - LOS c (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) The value per share for Burton, Inc. is $32.00 using the Gordon Growth model. The company paid a dividend of $2.00 last year. The estimates used to calculate the value have changed. If the new required rate of return is 12.00% and expected growth rate in dividends is 6%, the value per share will increase by: A) 4.17%. B) 9.51%. C) 42%.…...
Economics
CFA Level 2 – Quantitative Analysis Session 3 – Reading 13 Time-Series Analysis – LOS h
CFA Level 2 - Quantitative Analysis, Session 3 - Reading 13 Time-Series Analysis - LOS h (Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. The primary concern when deciding upon a time series sample period is which of the following factors? A) The length of the sample time period. B) The total number of observations. C) Current underlying economic and market conditions. (Explanation: There will always be a tradeoff between the increase statistical reliability of a longer time period and the increased stability…...
Economics
IGCSE Economics: Demand
IGCSE Economics: Demand Introduction: Demand refers to the willingness and ability of someone to pay for a good or a service at a given price. There is a negative relationship between price and quantity demanded. When there is a fall in price and a resultant increase in quantity demanded than there is an expansion. When there is a rise in price and a resultant fall in quantity demanded than there is a contraction. (Expansion and contraction are also used in…...
Economics
CFA Level 3 – Ethical and Standards Session 2 – Reading 4
CFA Level 3 - Ethical and Standards, Session 2 - Reading 4 (Notes, Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. All of the following would be effective components of a formal compliance system EXCEPT: A) the investor's objectives and constraints should be maintained and reviewed periodically to reflect any changes in the client's circumstances.(Explanation — According to Standard III(A) – Loyalty, Prudence, and Care, “members shall use particular care in determining applicable fiduciary duty.” Under ERISA, a fiduciary has the duty to…...
Economics
Changing Employment Patterns and Practices
Changing Employment Patterns and Practices Changing Patterns & Practices of Employment Organizations are evolving to meet the ever changing business environment; Employment practices are also changing Working from home Tele-working Flexi-time Part-time Job sharing Contract workers (Hired for a period of time) Flexible work structures ’Flexible working’ describes any working pattern adapted to suit your needs Flexi-time: choosing when to work (there’s usually a core period time during which you have to work) Staggered hours: different starting, break and finishing…...
Economics
The Backbone of the Retail Giant: An Exploration of Walmart’s Human Resources (HR)
Walmart, a household name, and a retail behemoth owes much of its unprecedented success to its diverse and dedicated workforce. The company boasts over 2.3 million associates worldwide, each playing a vital role in ensuring smooth operations and customer satisfaction. Behind the scenes, ensuring the wellbeing and effective management of this immense workforce, is Walmart's Human Resources (HR) department.The Role of HR at WalmartThe HR department at Walmart functions as the company's backbone, navigating the complexities of managing such a…...
Employment
NSI Nursing Solutions: Pioneering Innovation in Healthcare Staffing
In the ever-evolving landscape of healthcare, the role of efficient and skilled nursing cannot be overstated. NSI Nursing Solutions, an industry-leading provider of healthcare staffing solutions, is committed to ensuring that hospitals and healthcare facilities are equipped with the best talent to deliver exceptional patient care. This post will delve into the inner workings of NSI Nursing Solutions and the pivotal role it plays in shaping the face of healthcare.NSI Nursing Solutions, with its foundation rooted in the principles of…...
Employment
Abercrombie & Fitch Return Policy: A Comprehensive Guide to Hassle-Free Shopping
When it comes to shopping, whether online or in-store, customer satisfaction is paramount. While a great deal of this satisfaction comes from the quality of products and the shopping experience itself, a robust and clear return policy plays an equally critical role. A standout in this area is Abercrombie & Fitch, a renowned global retailer known for its premium quality apparel. This post will delve into the specifics of the Abercrombie return policy, arming you with all the information you…...
Economics
Unpacking Value with Costco Business Delivery
In the world of retail giants, there's a name that resonates with consumers and business owners alike - Costco. Known for its sprawling warehouses, diverse product offerings, and an ethos of "bigger is better," Costco has been a staple in the American shopping landscape for decades. Now, imagine all that Costco has to offer, but delivered straight to your business doorstep. Enter, Costco Business Delivery.Convenience in a ClickCostco Business Delivery takes the convenience of online shopping and pairs it with…...
Economics
Unraveling the Financial Tumult: The Panic of 1819
In the annals of American economic history, the Panic of 1819 stands out as the first major financial crisis. This tumultuous period was a pivot point for the young nation, influencing economic policies and political ideologies in profound ways. Let's embark on a journey back to the early 19th century to dissect this riveting episode.Post-War of 1812, America found itself basking in the glow of an economic boom. Western expansion was at its zenith, with an influx of settlers eager…...
Economics
Unraveling the Complexity of Competition in Oligopolies
An oligopoly, by its very nature, creates an interesting dichotomy in the world of competition. It's a market structure characterized by a small number of firms that control a large portion of the market share. This peculiar structure results in an environment where competition is theoretically present but operationally limited. The reasons for this limitation are complex, and they have everything to do with the distinctive features of an oligopolistic market.First and foremost, the main characteristic that defines an oligopoly…...
Economics
Navigating the Financial Frontier: Navigating with NBAZ
When we think of Arizona, our minds often wander to the beautiful landscapes of the Grand Canyon, the vibrancy of Phoenix, and the historical charm of Tucson. But there’s another cornerstone in Arizona that deserves attention – National Bank of Arizona, or NBAZ as it’s often abbreviated. This institution is not just a bank; it’s a thread woven into the very fabric of the Arizonian community.An Origin StoryNBAZ's journey began back in Tucson in the early 1980s. While shoulder pads…...
Bank
Zappos Employment: A Deep Dive into the Oasis of Corporate Culture
When it comes to setting benchmarks in corporate culture and employee satisfaction, Zappos is often cited as the modern-day utopia. With its unconventional approach to employment, this online retail giant, renowned for selling shoes, has created an aura that attracts both consumers and job seekers alike. Let’s embark on a journey through the Zappos landscape to unravel the elements that make it an employment haven.Zappos’ essence is deeply rooted in its Culture Code and the Ten Core Values. The company…...
Employment
Harnessing Human Potential: The Role of HR in AT&T’s Success Story
AT&T, a behemoth in the telecommunications industry, has an illustrious history dating back to the late 19th century. From its roots as a telephone company to its evolution into a global leader in communications and digital entertainment, AT&T's success hinges significantly on its adept management of human resources. The strategic role of AT&T's HR department in fostering talent, driving innovation, and sustaining corporate culture is worth exploration.One of the critical ways AT&T's HR department contributes to the company's success is…...
Employment
The Beverly Hills Supper Club Fire: A Haunting Echo of the Past
In the annals of American history, certain events are indelibly etched as cautionary tales. One such chilling episode is the Beverly Hills Supper Club fire, which unfolded on the night of May 28, 1977, in Southgate, Kentucky. In this post, let's traverse the poignant echoes of this fateful night, and the lasting legacy that the tragedy carries.Situated across the river from Cincinnati, Ohio, the Beverly Hills Supper Club was an opulent entertainment venue that had risen to prominence during the…...
Employment
Navigating the Job Market: The Nexus of Supply and Demand
Picture yourself walking through a bustling market, where stalls are packed with an assortment of goods, and people are haggling over prices and quality. Now imagine this scene as a metaphor for the myriad of employment opportunities and job seekers out there. Welcome to the job market - an intricate tapestry woven with the threads of supply (job seekers) and demand (employment opportunities).To put it simply, the job market is the space where the supply of people seeking employment interacts…...
Employment
Disparate Treatment vs. Disparate Impact: Unraveling the Threads of Workplace Discrimination
In the ever-evolving tapestry of employment law, two terms have remained crucial in the fight against workplace discrimination: disparate treatment and disparate impact. While these terms may seem interchangeable at first glance, they weave distinct stories about the nature of discrimination. This post aims to untangle the threads of disparate treatment and disparate impact, helping you to understand their significance in employment practices.Disparate treatment is the more overt form of discrimination. Picture this scenario: An employee or job applicant is…...
Employment
A Journey Downstream: Forecasting the Future of Nile Stock
In the bustling world of stock markets and investments, where uncertainties often take center stage, we find ourselves attempting to predict the unpredictable. One such stock catching the eyes of investors is that of Nile, and it's pertinent to examine its potential trajectory in the market. Here, we will provide a comprehensive review of the Nile stock and share insights into its potential future.To forecast a stock's future performance, one must first understand the company and the industry it operates…...
Economics
Navigating the Law of Diminishing Returns: The Intricacies of Diminishing Marginal Utility in Economics
When diving into the fascinating world of economics, it is crucial to grasp various concepts that allow us to understand how consumers and markets interact. One such fundamental concept is the Diminishing Marginal Utility. This post aims to guide you through this intriguing economic phenomenon, enlighten you on its definition, and delve into the implications it has on consumer behavior and market dynamics.To fully appreciate the concept of Diminishing Marginal Utility, we need to first understand what ‘utility’ means in…...
Economics
A Taste of Success: Hershey’s Market Presence and Impact
Few brands can claim such a strong hold on the confectionery market as The Hershey Company. Known globally for their rich and creamy chocolates, Hershey's has captured the hearts and taste buds of millions worldwide. This post explores the market impact of Hershey's, demonstrating how a small-town candy company became a globally recognized brand.The Hershey Company was born out of the ambitions of Milton S. Hershey in the late 19th century. His pioneering efforts in making milk chocolate – a…...
Economics
Sailing Through History: The American System’s Economic Voyage
When we take a peek through the kaleidoscope of American history, the early 19th century stands out as a moment of remarkable economic ingenuity. The United States was a young nation yearning to carve out its place on the global stage. The canvas was vast, but it was Henry Clay's masterstroke that introduced us to the "American System". Let’s set sail on an economic voyage and explore the depths of this iconic policy framework.Post-Revolutionary War America was akin to an…...
Economics
The Heart of Creativity: A Look Inside Hobby Lobby’s Corporate Office
For countless craft enthusiasts and DIY aficionados across America, Hobby Lobby needs no introduction. The stores, stocked with an array of art supplies, home decor, and everything in between, have become a beloved destination for those seeking to express their creative side. But have you ever wondered what happens behind the scenes? Where does the magic originate? Today, we are taking an exclusive peek inside the Hobby Lobby Corporate Office - the central hub where vision meets execution.Situated in Oklahoma…...
Economics
Unraveling the Mystic Monks Coffee Scandal: A Bitter Brew of Deceit
Mystic Monks Coffee was once a shining beacon of entrepreneurial success for the religious community. A venture launched by a cloistered group of Carmelite monks in Wyoming, their humble coffee brand quickly catapulted to fame, becoming a beloved fixture in the kitchens of millions. However, this reputation was severely tarnished when the Mystic Monks Coffee scandal surfaced, a revelation that left many of their faithful consumers feeling duped and disillusioned.To fully comprehend the shockwaves this scandal sent through the public,…...
Economics
A Titan Among Trash Services: The Unsung Heroism of Titus Trash
In the world of waste management, there are those companies that simply pick up your garbage, and then there are those that elevate trash collection to an art form. Titus Trash Service firmly belongs to the latter category. With its sturdy commitment to excellence and community, Titus Trash has managed to blend reliability with a sense of camaraderie that is all too rare in this industry. This post aims to pull back the curtain on this remarkable company and shed…...
Corporate Finance
The Cradle of Civilization: Remarkable Achievements of Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia, often referred to as the 'Cradle of Civilization,' holds a profoundly significant place in the annals of human history. Situated within the Tigris-Euphrates river system, modern-day Iraq, it was here that some of the most crucial advancements of human civilization occurred. The list of Mesopotamian achievements is extensive and includes pioneering efforts in writing, law, agriculture, and more.Arguably the most influential of all Mesopotamian contributions is the invention of writing. The earliest known form of writing, cuneiform, emerged in…...
Agriculture
The FedEx HR Experience: Delivering More than Just Packages
As one of the world's largest courier companies, FedEx is known for its commitment to swift, reliable package delivery. However, its efficient operations extend beyond just logistics. The heartbeat of FedEx lies in its human resources department, a function that orchestrates the people-power of this global company.FedEx's HR department embodies the company's philosophy, "People-Service-Profit," placing employees at the forefront of their business model. By valuing people, they ensure high-quality service, which in turn drives profits. This holistic approach is the…...
Employment
A Wealth of Opportunities: Exploring Jobs at Stanford University
Stanford University, known as one of the world's finest educational and research institutions, is also a big employer with a diverse variety of work possibilities. The University, which is located in the heart of Silicon Valley, provides a lively and inclusive work environment. This essay will look into the panorama of work options at Stanford University as well as the distinct advantages of being a part of this intellectual powerhouse.One of the first things you notice about Stanford is its…...
Employment
Supersize It: The Rise and Fall of McDonald’s Iconic Offering
In the annals of fast-food history, McDonald's 'Supersize' option holds a special, albeit controversial, place. Known for its enormous portions and affordable price, this option was once a cornerstone of McDonald's menu, painting a fascinating portrait of America's dining culture and shifting attitudes towards health and nutrition.McDonald's introduced the 'Supersize' in the 1990s, a time when consumers were increasingly demanding more value for their money. Fast food was not just about convenience; it was about abundance. The 'Supersize' offering epitomized…...
Economics
FreshDirect login Process and How it Serves as Your Gateway to a Unique Online Grocery
Thanks to FreshDirect, online grocery shopping has never been simpler. Many people who value convenience, quality, and selection choose to FreshDirect because of the company's dedication to delivering only the freshest, highest-quality items right to their home. Knowing how to utilize their web platform, especially for login and account management, is crucial for getting the most out of their service. Therefore, let's discuss the FreshDirect login and how it grants access to a one-of-a-kind online grocery buying experience.The FreshDirect sign…...
Economics
Decoding the Intricacies of the Market Revolution
If you trace back the contours of American history, you will stumble upon an epoch of dynamic transition known as the Market Revolution. This transformative period, stretching approximately from the turn of the 19th century to the outbreak of the Civil War, irrevocably altered the economic, political, and social fabric of the United States, setting the stage for the modern industrialized nation we recognize today.Traditionally, early American society was primarily agrarian and rural, characterized by subsistence farming and local bartering.…...
Economics
The Queens Midtown Tunnel: An Engineering Marvel Connecting New York
Nestled in the heart of the bustling city of New York, the Queens Midtown Tunnel stands as an architectural testament to human ingenuity and resilience. This monumental structure weaves a subterranean route beneath the East River, linking the boroughs of Manhattan and Queens, thereby serving as a crucial artery for New York's pulsating vehicular traffic.The concept of the Queens Midtown Tunnel traces its roots back to the early 20th century when the exponential growth of New York’s population led to…...
Economics
Sharpe BMW: Embodying the Spirit of Performance and Luxury
There's a certain prestige associated with the BMW brand, a reputation that stems from its unwavering commitment to performance, luxury, and automotive innovation. At Sharpe BMW, these qualities are not just sold; they are deeply embodied, becoming a defining characteristic of their business ethos.Located in the heart of Grand Rapids, Michigan, Sharpe BMW stands as a beacon for automotive enthusiasts. This dealership distinguishes itself through its vast selection of high-performance vehicles, personalized customer service, and an unwavering commitment to quality,…...
Economics
A History of the Mongolian Ancestry
Geography of central Asia influenced the development of nomadic cultures because its light did not support large-scale agriculture. As a result, only grasses and shrubs grew on the steppe lands, which lacked rivers or other sources of water for irrigation. Grazing animals thrived because the humans could not digest the vegetations, but the livestock could, especially sheep, horses, cattle, goats, and camels. Therefore, animals played an important role in the pastoral life of the nomads. Herding the flocks in migratory…...
AgricultureCultureMongolia
The Negative Impact of Student Debt to Our Economy
In the years of 1970 and 1971, both public and private schools of higher education began raising the price of their tuition; a trend that has continually persisted since. Due to inflation, tuition at these universities had to triple the price of tuition of fees. Today, the average private, non-profit institution's price of tuition is $31,231, while public institutions average around $9,139 per year. Neither number includes housing fees. Price of tuition has multiplied nearly 17 times since the 1970's.…...
Social IssuesStudent LoansUnemployment
Why College Students Should Not Take Out Student Loans
College Students should not apply for student loans because it causes too much debt in the future. College tuition rates keep going up and students are taking out bigger loans. Is a college degree worth incurring significant debt? Don't get that loan unless you have chosen a career that will make you very wealthy. This information is important because people forget to realize being in debt is an important thing, Besides going to college the future ahead you might have…...
College EducationEducationStudent Loans
The Problem of Paying Off Student Loans in the United States
What if the one thing that was promised to help you, to guarantee your success and to provide you with a bright future actually ended up costing you your dreams? For many, this is a college education, and this is the situation 37 million college graduates in the United States are facing. One social problem many Americans face, is paying off student loans. Crippled with huge amounts of student loans, even those who were able to secure well-paying jobs are…...
EducationStudent LoansUnemployment
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