Free essays on Materials refer to the collection of academic writings that offer an in-depth analysis of various materials used in manufacturing, construction, and other areas. The essays explore the various properties of different materials, including their chemical composition, durability, and environmental impact. Additionally, they provide insights into the applications of these materials, the challenges of their production, and the potential future innovations in the field. These writings are an invaluable resource for students, researchers, and industry professionals who seek to gain a comprehensive understanding of materials and their impact on society.
Greenhouse Effect Essay
Greenhouse Gas The greenhouse gas effect is the number one blame for global warming. We could not live without the greenhouse effect. The main gases are ozone, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor. These reflected rays, called infrared radiation , keeps the atmosphere warm. They are vital in maintaining the balance in our atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is mostly a result of the sunlight’s energy and the clouds that absorb and reflect heat. Without the greenhouse effect, earth…...
AtmosphereChemistryClimateClimate ChangeMaterialsNatural Environment
Gas Chromatography Lab Report Essays
Gas chromatography separates the component of a sample based on the ease with which they evaporate into a gas, also known as the volatility. The chemical mixture being analyzed is injected into the injection point and carried through the instrument by an inert gas, in this case Helium. The temperature of the injection point is approximately ICC and the oven temperature is around ICC. There is a column in the oven that makes it Seibel to separate the chemicals based…...
ChemistryChromatographyManufacturingMaterialsMechanical EngineeringScientific Method
Milk And Food Coloring Report Example
For this experiment, we will be using milk and food coloring to represent the water (milk) and gas (food coloring) in the respiratory system, as seen in the liquid-gas boundary of the alveolar wall (water) and its volume (gas). We will place the milk in a shallow dish so that it completely covers the bottom of the dish. Drops of food coloring are going to be added into the milk at the center of the dish, and then observed. Drops…...
ChemistryMaterialsPhysicsWater
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Experimenting with a Candle
Experimenting with a Candle Justin Nguyen Mrs. Howley 11/16/11 Mod F Purpose: the purpose is to learn how the process of a candle burning. The goals of this experiment are to practice in the art of observation, the art of questioning, and the development of a better understanding of this process. Hypothesis: through this experiment, we will learn how candle is working. Materials: * Candle * Note card * Matches or butane lighter * Aluminum foil * 1L beaker *…...
ChemistryExperimentFireHydrogenMaterials
Salt And Sand Separation Lab Report
Evaporation is a process where two liquids or solid mixed into a liquid can be separated. To separate two liquids mixed together, the liquid is boiled over a Bunsen burner until one liquid is completely evaporated. To separate a solid within a liquid, the liquid is completely evaporated and a solid will remain, which is called a residue. Procedure/Data: 1. Preheat a clean evaporating dish for 5 minutes; then cool and mass the dish. Mass of empty dish: 28. Egg…...
ChemistryChromatographyEvaporationManufacturingMaterialsWater
Enzyme Activity Prediction for Sucrose at 60°C
Enzyme Activity Name: Daniel Franco Instructor: Professor Jennifer Freer Date: 0308. 2015 Predictions Sucrose will have the greatest activity at 60 ?co (140 Sucrose activity decreases with increasing sucrose concentration Materials and Methods Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity Dependent Variable amount of product (glucose and fructose) produced Independent Variable pH Controlled Variables temperature. Amount of substrate (sucrose) present, sucrose 4 sucrose incubation time Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Activity temperature pH, amount of substrate (sucrose) present, sucrose + sucrose…...
ChemistryEnzymeGlucosePh
Hnd Biomedical Science
The following sample essay on determination of the concentration of ethanol acid in commercial vinegar Introduction: The aim of the experiment was to determine the military of ethanol acid in table vinegar by titrating a sample with alkali sodium hydroxide (Noah) with a known concentration of 0. 1 moll-I. The equation of the reaction between ethanol acid and sodium hydroxide is as follows: CHOOSE + Noah Cinchona * H2O When the iterations end point is determined and volumes of reactants…...
ChemistryPhTitration
Sulphuric Acid Is Dibasic
Demonstrating that sulphuric is dibasic: Aim: The aim of my plan is to demonstrate that sulphuric acid is dibasic. Introduction: Acid is a substance that reacts with a base to form a salt and water similarly a base is a substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water. “Lewis (a scientist) states that an acid is a compound that accepts a pair of electrons from a base and a base is a molecule or an ion…...
ChemistryMaterials
Thin Layer Chromatography Lab Report
Chromatography works on the principle that different impounds will have different solubility and adsorption to the two different phases between which are to be partitioned. Thin Layer Chromatography (TTL) is a solid-liquid technique. The mixture is observed when it is in two different phase; a solid (stationary phase) and a liquid (moving phase). Thin Layer Chromatography (TTL) is a technique which is sensitive, cheap and fast. A thin layer chromatograph plate is used to identify drug component under LIVE. It…...
ChemistryChromatographyManufacturingMaterials
Molar Mass Of Ni3(Po4)2
Chemistry 200 Exam 1 Review Problems 1. Calculate the number of atoms in 10. 0 grams of Fe. 2. Give the mass number, #protons, #neutrons and #electrons for the isotope strontium-88. 3. Calculate the number of moles of carbon in 50. 0 g of benzene C6H6 4. A substance is found to be 38. 7 % C, 9. 7 % H and 51. 6 % O by mass. Its molar mass is 62. 1 g/mole. What is its molecular formula?…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryMaterialsSodiumWater
Diels Alder Lab Report
Be sure to address any questions posed in the lab procedure as well as any additional questions that your TA wants you to answer. You should also analyze any NORM spectra that you have from the reaction (if applicable). Spectra of starting materials are available on the Vista site. This reaction was carried out using standard reflux conditions. Both the anthracite and malefic anhydride dissolved immediately in Selene to give a slightly yellow solution. As the reflux was conducted, the…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryMaterials
What Macromolecule Is Baking Soda
Banana I N/A I No protein Oats I Nothing I No protein I Egg I Violet I ++ peptide bonds I Butter I Blue No protein I Analysis Questions: a. ) The dependent variable was the amount of approximate sugar, the relative amount of peptide bonds and the presence of lipid bonds. Also the independent variables that were measured were the resulting color of the Benedicts reagent, the Sudan IV and the color of the Beirut reagent. The relationship was…...
ChemistryNutritionSodium
Yeast Respiration Lab Report
The following sample essay on Yeast Respiration Lab Report. All organisms need to breath. They have pathways that are organic molecules and capture In their TAP. Some of these organisms need oxygen to do this but not all of them require It. Organic carbon molecules are the energy source, and for waste Is carbon doodle (CO) and water (H2O). CO can combine with water to form carbonic acid during cellular respiration. Phenolphthalein can be used to help detect any changes…...
Carbon DioxideCellular RespirationChemistryExperimentWater
Effect Of Air Conditioner On Global Warming
Air Conditioning and Global Warming Air conditioning systems use energy to remove heat from a given location, transferring it to the exterior in the form of exhaust. Some of the energy is invariably wasted as heat, and this additional heat must also be exhausted. Thus, air conditioning results in net heat release to the environment. The warming effect is aggravated, moreover, because higher forms of energy such as electricity are used to power air conditioners. Generating and transmitting this electricity…...
ChemistryEnergyGlobal WarmingHistoryMaterialsMechanical Engineering
Ap Chemistry Lab Report
After the experiment, the experimental mole ratio of alum to eater will be calculated and then compared with the accepted mole ratio. (This is 12 to 1). Theory If this lab if conducted properly, the unknown substance will be determined to be alum because of melting point, percent hydration and percent sulfate. The first test that will be run has the purpose of revealing the alum’s melting point. Melting is defined as, the temperature at which a solid turns into…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryEvaporationMaterialsWater
Propanone To Propane
Aim: The aim of this experiment is to prepare propanone by oxidizing propan-2-ol with acidified potassium dichromate solution. Introduction: Ketones and aldehydes are important series in preparation of other compounds and they are commonly prepared by oxidizing alcohol which is done in this experiment. The experiment is an oxidation reaction where a secondary alcohol (propan-2-ol) is oxidized by acidified potassium dichromate. The reaction does not need to be heated but should be placed in an iced water bath as the…...
AlcoholChemical ReactionChemistryMaterialsWater
Cress Seed Germination Experiment
Aim: The aim of this coursework is to find out how varied amount of sulphur dioxide effect the germination of cress seeds.Safety: This experiment could be very dangerous because there are some chemicals, which are harmful for human body will be involved in this experiment. Such as sodium metabisulphite, it would damage your lungs and eyes when it mixed with gases. So, I will do the following things to prevent any accidents during the experiment.1, I will be following the…...
ChemistryExperimentSodiumWater
Eutectic Temperature Of Naphthalene Biphenyl System
Abstract Thermal analysis of a solid-liquid phase using cooling curves at various compositions is a method used to obtain the eutectic composition and temperature of naphthalene-biphenyl. The XE was 0. 45 and the TE was 310. 3K these are slightly different from the theoretical values which are 0. 44 and 312K respectively. Results The cooling curves obtained from both groups Group A Group B The table with the mole fraction and the actual masses added. RUN| Group A| Group B|…...
ChemistryMaterialsMechanical EngineeringPhysicsThermodynamics
Luminol Synthesis
Abstract: Chemiluminescence occurs in nature and can be found in everyday products. For example, the light omitted by fireflies, deep sea fish and glow sticks is a result of this process. Luminol was synthesized from from 3-nitrophthalic acid and then combined with potassium ferricyanide and hydrogen peroxide to omit a blue light. The product of this reaction is very unstable and is made by losing a nitrogen and the electrons go from an excited state to ground state and energy…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryMaterials
4-methylcyclohexene
Abstraction 4-methylcyclohexanol was synthesized to 4-methylcyclohexene utilizing desiccation. 4-methylcyclohexanol was heated to reflux and the subsequent distillation ( 4-methylcyclohexe ) was collected. It was so purified utilizing Na chloride to divide merchandises and an anhydrous solid was so added and filtered. The resulting merchandise had a mass of 0.399 g and a percent output of 41 % . The merchandise was positively identified and characterized as 4-methylcyclohexene via IR and Br2 trial. Introduction Cyclohexene From Cyclohexanol Lab Report Conclusion To…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryMaterialsSodiumWater
Is Skim Milk A Homogeneous Mixture
A heterogeneous mixture that would be Solid/Liquid would be Skim milk. Although skim milk contains mostly water it also contains casein, which is a small protein. The casein protein is so small it may not be thought to be a heterogeneous mixture, but fifth skim milk curdles the mixture can be separated. A Solid/Liquid solution could be Seawater. The seawater is homogeneous which makes it a solution. The mixture of oil and vinegar to make a vinaigrette salad dressing is…...
ChemistryMaterials
Culminating Task
“Chemistry; the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the investigation of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change; and the use of these processes to form new substances.” Introduction Generally, chemistry is the study of substances, compounds, and the ways they’re created. Chemical equations represent what occurs in a chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is made up of reactants and products. The reactants are the…...
ChangeChemical ReactionChemistryMaterials
Preparation Of Salts
1. INSOLUBLE SALTSSoluble salt 1(aq) + soluble salt 2(aq) insoluble salt + soluble salt (aq)acid 1(aq) acid 2(aq)Pb(NO3)2(aq) + Na2SO4(g) PbSO4(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)Pb2+(aq) + SO2-4(aq) PbSO4To prepare a salt, you should firstly thoroughly mix the solution, then you should filter it to remove any precipitate. Next, you should, wash with distilled water and finally leave to dry in the oven.2. SOLUBLE SALTSa. Filtrationi. acid + base salt + waterH2SO4(aq) + CuO(s) CuSO4(aq) + H2O(l)H2SO4(aq) + Mg(OH)2(s) MgSO4(aq) + H2O(l)ii. acid…...
ChemistryMaterialsSodiumTitrationWater
School supplies are necessary to every individual we can use it in
School supplies are necessary to every individual, we can use it in many angles such as writing reports, improving outputs, finishing school works and many more. Mostly students and teachers stand in need of those materials in school. Marker is very essential for any student or teacher regardless to which prohibition they belong to, it is just likely important as a pen or pencil is to any student or teacher. With regards to their functions, it is not concealed that…...
BlackboardColorExperimentMaterialsPencilRecycling
Irrigation – Supplying Water to Fields That Lack Moisture
The following sample essay on "Irrigation - Supplying Water to Fields That Lack Moisture" is to push the peruser to a superior comprehension of the water quality than assistance with picking appropriate choices to acclimate to potential water quality-related issues that may diminish creation under winning states of utilization. Irrigated agribusiness is at risk to a satisfactory water supply of available character. Water quality concerns have every now and again been expelled in light of the way that extraordinary quality…...
ChemistryMaterialsSaltSodiumWaterWater Quality
Characterization of Bio-Based Materials
CHARACTERIZATION OF BIO-BASED MATERIALS BY PYROLYSISAbstract: - Universally all over world, the scrutinizers are gathering their knowledge in the field of conventional energy and unconventional fuel. Scrutinizers are working in bio fuel from the natural material and also scrutiny for the use as energy resource in any form. Bio fuel is going to play a vital role for future generation in the world. The paper provides the information about the production of bio-oil from bio based products. The oil characters…...
ChemistryMaterials
Magnesium and Copper’s Potential Energy Difference
Magnesium, due to its reactivity, has a very high potential energy, so the electrons travel from it to the copper, which has a very low potential energy due to its unreactivity. The difference in the potential is called the cell potential difference. If the difference of potential energy is large, then clearly the voltage produced by the galvanic cell will also be large as voltage is potential difference. From the electrochemical series, magnesium has a standard electrode potential of -2.…...
ChemistryElectricityMaterials
Ph Lab Report Discussion
Introduction: Substances, even household substances, can be acidic, basic, or neutral. Acids and bases are called aqueous solutions, or mixtures of certain substances dissolved in water. The amount of acidity or basicity can be measured by using the pH scale. The scale runs from 1-14. The scale has to do with the amount of hydrogen ions [resent in a substance. Hypothesis: Our hypothesis for this experiment consists of twelve different substances.Essay Example on Ph Lab Report Sample The tomato juice…...
ChemistryMaterialsPhWater
Polythene Pollution Essay
Additionally these microanalysis in presence of IV ray can absorb Pubs (polycarbonate phenyl) causing a greater toxic effect in Polythene debris can transport organic pollutants in the seas and water. Coca ins. ; Many marine organ minims like bryozoans, barnacles, polyphosphates, crabs and mollusks inhabit on plastic and are transported along with the ocean current to the new sites where they act as alien species upsetting the ecological balance of the site. ; Polythene , a petroleum product is a…...
ChemistryManufacturingMaterialsPlasticPollutionRecycling
Research Proposal On Nanoparticles
A nanomaterial is a material (including powder, aerosol or quasi-gas, liquid suspension, gel) with special properties because of its size and nanometric structure. Many materials are investigated to produce the form of nanoparticles (metals, ceramics, dielectrics, magnetic oxides, various polymers, carbon, etc.), Alone or in forms or composite structures. Nanomaterials are – in common sense – usually nanotechnology, unlike nanoparticles that can be naturally occurring or result from processes such as welding, smoking, polishing, etc. There is also nanocomposites which…...
ChemistryMaterialsNanotechnology
Research Proposals On Waste Management
Waste management is the system of processes and their control which are aimed at the collection, transportation, recycling and utilization of wastes. The term ‘wastes’ means the products of the human activity which are no longer used or must not be used because of their harmful qualities. It is obvious that wastes influence the normal life of people, their health badly; moreover, wastes care harmful for the natural environment, animals, plants and fish.Essay Example on Solid Waste Management Research Proposal…...
ManagementManufacturingMaterialsPollutionRecyclingResearch
Orange Fruit Peelings As Tile Cleaner Investigatory Project
Essay Example on Orange Peel Investigatory Project Introduction. Chapter I Seville orange, sour orange, bighead orange, or marmalade orange refers to a citrus tree (Citrus x uranium) and its fruit. It is hybrid between Citrus maxima (pommel) and Citrus reticulate (mandarin). Many varieties of bitter orange are used for their essential oil, which is used in perfume, as a flavoring and as a solvent. The Seville orange variety is used in the production of They have been the most cultivated…...
ChemistryEthanolLearningMaterialsProjectWater
Bromination Of Alkene Lab Report
Marta Gebregziabher Discussion and Conclusion: Addition reaction of Alkenes: Bromination of (E)-Stilbene 1. Addition reaction is a reaction that involved two molecules that combine to make a larger product. Addition reaction has two main types, electrophilic addition and nucleophilic addition. An electrophilic reaction is when the pi bond of a molecule is removed to make two covalent bonds that are bonded to two new molecules. A nucleophillic addition is a reaction that removed the pi bond from a molecule and…...
Chemical ReactionChemistryMaterials
Conductivity Lab Report
When an ionic compound forms, the anion transfers an electron to the action which creates an electrostatic bond and an electrically neutral compound. Also, they readily solve in aqueous solutions and are good conductors of heat and electricity. Further, ionic compounds can be classified as either strong conductors or weak conductors. In contrast, molecular compounds are formed from non-metals. Molecular compounds share electrons between atoms forming a covalent bond.Essay Example on Electrical Conductivity Lab In general, molecular compounds do not…...
ChemistryElectricityMaterialsPhysics
Voltaic Cell Experiment Lab Report
Voltaic cell is a device in which a redo reaction spontaneously occurs and produces an electric current. In order for the transfer of electrons in a redo reaction to produce an electric current and be useful, the electrons are made to pass through an external electrically conducting wire instead of being directly transferred between the oxidation and reducing agents. A salt bridge must be used to avoid popularization of the electrodes by facilitating the circulation of ions from electrolyte. Each…...
BiologyCellChemistryElectricityMaterials
Respiratory Physiology Lab Report
Timer (with a second hand) Glass Urinary and Salivary pH (litmus) paper Drinking straw Procedures: 1. Measure 2 ounces of water in a glass. Obtain the pH of the water in the glass. Record the water pH prior to experiment. Have the subject blow air through the straw into the water and keep blowing into the water for 2 minutes inhaling between exhalations. The subject should be breath as normal as possible while doing this activity. Measure and record the…...
CommunicationExperimentPhResearchWater
Ionic And Covalent Compounds Lab Report
This experiment was divided in four steps to find the electrical conductivity of covalent and ionic solutions. There were four unknown solutes A, B and C. Each had a specific weight and was dissolved in a certain amount of solute to form either the covalent or ionic solution. Covalent compounds are made up of molecules which are electrically neutral. Ionic compounds are composed of ions, which are positively or negatively charged.Essay Example on Ionic And Covalent Bonds Lab Report Therefore…...
ChemistryExperimentMaterialsPhysics
Isotopes Of Pennium Lab
The relative abundance of the pre 1 982 pennies was 50 percent, and the relative abundance of the post 1982 pennies was 50 percent. The atomic mass of Pentium that was calculated using these isotopes was 2. 795 grams. A possible source of error could have been that the scales may have not given the correct mass due to various possible technological issues. This would have affected the accuracy of the data, as well as the calculated atomic mass.Essay Example…...
CopperResearch
Solubility Of Potassium Nitrate Lab Report
The relationship is nonlinear, which means it isn’t form a straight line when plotted on a graph. Now, there are three main factors, which affect solubility (besides pressure). Temperature will affect solubility. If the solution process absorbs energy then the solubility will be increased as the temperature is increased. If the solution process releases energy then the solubility will decreased with increasing temperature. Molecular size will affect the solubility. The larger the molecule or the higher its molecular weight the…...
ChemistryMaterialsPhysics
Material Hardness Experiments
The purpose of the following experiments is to study the hardness of different types of materials, and to understand the significance of this property in materials. The materials and the aforesaid property have significant use in civil engineering. Hardness is defined as a measure oaf material’s resistance to localized plastic deformation (i. E. Small dents or scratches). As said above, a variety of metal alloys were used in the experiments to understand how each of these metals is characterized as…...
ChemistryMaterialsMechanical Engineering
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