Music Appreciation Final Exam
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A melodic line that moves by small intervals is called consonant
false
A second melody played against the first is called a countermelody
true
In scientific terms, pitch is determined by its frequency
true
Melody is a concept that occurs only in Western music
false
The distance between two pitches is called an
interval
The high point of a melodic line is considered its cadence
false
The term referring to the overall shape of a melody is
contour
A succession of single tones or pitches perceived as a unit is called
a melody
The distance between the highest and lowest tones of a melody is called the
range
Twinkle Twinkle little star is an example of triple meter
false
Melodies that move principally by small, connected intervals are conjunct
true
Beats that are more strongly emphasized than others are said to be
accented
In triple meter, the strongest pulse occurs on
the first beat
Meter is marked off in groupings known as
measures
Meters in which each beat is subdivided into three rather than two are known as
compound meters
Music that moves without a strong sense of a beat or a meter is called
nonmetric
Organizing patterns of rhythmic pulses are called
meters
The deliberate shifting of the accent to a weak beat or an offbeat is called
syncopation
The element of music that organizes movement in time is
rhythm
The first accented beat of a measure is called
downbeat
A collection of pitches arranged in ascending or descending order is called
scale
A combonation of three or more tones that constitutes a single block of harmony is called
a chord
A combination of tones that is discordant and unstable produces a consonance
false
An interval spanning eight notes is called an
octave
The distance and relationship between two tones is refer to as an
interval
A triad is
the most common chord type found n western music, a three note chord, built on alternate scale steps,
The first note of the scale is called the
tonic
A combination of tones that sounds discordant, unstable, or in need of resolution is called a
dissonance
The principle organization around a central tone is called
tonality
A triad is a chord made up of three tones
true
The smallest interval in the Western musical system is the
half step
A 12 tone scale, including all semitones of the octave is called
chromatic
The musical symbol # represents a
sharp
On the piano, the black key between the white keys C and D is called
C-sharp or D-flat
The triad built on the first note of the scale is called the
tonic
In harmon, the___is considered a place of rest and return
tonic
The three basic triads in the Western musical system are the tonic, the dominant, and the
subdominant
A sharp lowers a musical tone by a half step
false
A key is a group of related tones with a common center, the tonic, toward which the other tones gravitate
True
A major scale can begin on any of the twelve semitones of the octave
true
The element that describes the musical fabric, or the relationship of musical lines within a work, is called
texture
A texture featuring a single, unaccompanied line is called
monophonic
When a melody is combined with an ornamental version of itself, often heard in jazz, the resulting texture is
heterophony
When two or more independent melodic lines are combined, the resulting texture is called
polyphony
A texture in which a single voices takes over the melodic interest while the accompanying voices are subordinate is called
homophony
The texture in which all the voices move in the same rhythm is called
homrhythm
In imitation, a melodic idea in one voice is restated in another
true
What quality of a work of art refuses to its structure or shape
The basic structural concepts in the element form are
repetition and contrast
A vocal work in which each poetic stanza is sung to the same melody in
strophic form
The technique through which performers create music on the spot is known as
improvisation
The form based on a statement and a departure without a return to the complete opening statement
binary
A sining style that features a leader who is imitated by a group is called
call and response
Ternary form is best outlined as A-B-C
true
The rate of speed at which a piece of music is played is its
tempo
Music that sounds despairing and sad usually has a ____ tempo
slow
In what language are tempo marking generally given
italian
Which of the following tempo markings does NOT indicate a slow tempo
presto
The degree of loudness or softness, or volume, at which music is played is called
dynamics
Which of the following dynamic markings markings is the softest
pianissimo (pp)
The term non lexical refers to a text that
consists of nonsense syllables
Scat-singing is a common in
jazz
The language of the Roman Empire and the Roman Catholic Church through most of history was
Latin
The setting of one note per syllable is called
syllabic
The extended melodic line on the word “rejoice” in Handel’s Messiah is a
melisma
The use of a few notes for each syllable is called
neumatic
The term song technically refers to all music, with out without words
False
Vocal music must use recognizable words
False
The vernacular is a common language of the people
true
The quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another is
timbre
The term timbre refers to the
color of a tone
A specific area within the range of a voice or instrument, such as high, middle, or low, is called its
register
The standard ranges of the human voice, from highest to lowest, are
soprano, alto, tenor, bass
The generally accepted term for the high male vocal range is
tenor
Instruments that produce sounds by using air s the vibrating means are called
aerophones
Instruments that produce sounds from a vibrating string are called
chordophones
How do performers cause idiophones to produce sounds
by shaking, scraping, or striking the instrument itself
Drum-type instruments fall into the category of
membranophones
Throughout history, the voice has been a model for instrumentalists and instrument builders
True
Flutes and whistles are classified as idiophones
false
The history of Western music begins
Which of the following institutions supported Renaissance society
the church, the city and state, the aristocratic courts
Most of the surviving music from the early Middle Ages is secular
false
Which of the following does NOT characterize plainchant
triadic harmonies
A setting of Gregorinan chant with one note or syllable is called
syllabic
Which of the following women was a religious leader and prominent figure in literature and music
Hildegard of Bingen
On which liturgical occasion was Hildegard’s Alleluia, O virgo mediatrix sung
a feast day for the Virgin Mary
The knowledge of early civilizations and the culture of the Middle Ages were preserved largely in monasteries
true
The order of church services and the structure of each service are known as liturgy
true
The earliest type of polyphony was
organum
The first major center of polyphony was
Notee Dame Cathedral in Paris
Which of the following does NOT describe Gaude Maria virgo
accompaniment with musical instruments
Each musical line in Gaude Maria virgo has the same rhythmic activity
false
Organum was freely composed, with no preexisting basis
false
The tradition of troubadours and trouveres developed in
france
Which of the following was NOT a subject reflected in the poems of the troubadours and trouveres
the rebirth of classical learning
During the 14th century, a style of music developed that became known as
the Ars nova
The outstanding composer-poet of the Ars nova was
Machaut
The french courtly love song of the middle ages was called the
chanson
Troubadours and trouveres were medieval musicians often living on the fringes of society
false
The expressive device that Renaissance composers used to pictoralize words musically called
word-painting
Where was the madrigal first developed
Italy
Madrigals with simpler and more accessible text were especially favored in
England
Which of the following best described the character of Farmer’s Fair Phyllis
pastoral and light
Who invented the printing press
Johannes Gutenberg
Only professional musicians performed secular music during the Renaissance
False
The two most important genres of Renaissance secular music were the chanson and the madrigal
true
Which of the following characterizes humanism
thinking centered on human issues and individuality, inspiration from the ancient cultures of Greece and Rome, independence from tradition and religion
Which genres of vocal music was NOT used in Renaissance church services
the chansons
What is the cantus firmus
a fragment of Gregorian chant or a secular tine used as the foundation of polyphonic mass
Which early Renaissance composer exerted a powerful influence on generations of composer who followed
Josquin des Prez
Josquin’s Ave Maria…virgo serena is an example of
motet
The text Ave Maria…virgo serena is
in praise of the Virgin Mary
The Renaissance motet is a sacred genre with a single Latin text
True
The Roman Catholic Church service that symbolically reenacts the sacrifice of Christ is
the Mass
The portion of the Mass that remains in every celebration of the service is called
the Ordinary
What was the primary language of the Mass
Latin
Which of the following are the movements of the Ordinary of the Mass
Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Angus Dei
Which of the following was a leader in the Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther
After the Protestant Reformation of the early 16th century, the Roman Catholic Church responded with a movement to recapture the loyalty of its people.
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This was known as:
the Counter-Reformation
Which of the following does NOT characterize music after the 1600
instrumental music was neglected
The approximate dates of the Baroque period are
1600-1750
The Baroque period witnessed a shift in a musical texture to
The artificially created male soprano or alto voice that dominated Baroque opera was known as the
castrato
The term baroque originally meant security and balance
fasle
A staged drama that is sung is called an
opera
A highly emotional song in an opera is called an
aria
the text of an opera is called the
libretto
Purcell’s opera Dido and Aeneas was composed for
a production at a girls’ school
The aria “When I am laid in earth” is unified by a ground bass on a descending chromatic scale
true
Luther believed that music belonged to the
congregation
In the Lutheran Church, the weekly hymns sung by the congregation were called
chorales
The expansion of the chorale with new poetry resulted in the
cantata
During his musical career, Johann Sebastian Bach held the position of
cantor of St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, court organist and chamber musician to the duke of Weimar, court musician to the price of the Anhalt-Cothen
Bach’s Cantana NO 140, Wachet auf, has____ movements
seven
Lutheran believed that professional musicians had no place in the church service
false
Handel’s Messiah is an
oratorio
The stories for oratorios are generally drawn from
The Bible
Why was lining-out, the practice of call and response singing from the 17th centurial New England developed?
most people could not read music, most people could not afford to by a pslam book, the church wanted everyone to participate equally in services
William Billing’s best known publication is
The New England Pslam-SInger
Interest in Greek and Roman antiquity during the 18th century greatly influenced
painting, archiecture, literature
Which american president was a leading figure during the classical period
Thomas Jefferson
The classical period in music ranged from approx
1750-1825
Which of the following composers was NOT a master of the Viennese school
Chopin
Which of the following best describes the lyrical melodies of the Classical period
conjunct, diatonic, and singable
The system in which the aristocracy sponsored musicians is called
patronage
A composer can fragment a theme by dividing it into smaller units called
motives
In musical compositions, a theme is
a musical idea that is used as a building block
Which of the following best describes absolute music
music without a story or text
Which movement is the most highly organized and most characteristic multi movement cycle, usually presented in sonata form
first
Which of the following is a common characteristic of the second movement of the multi movement cycle
lyrical, songful melodies
In the classical multi movement cycle, the third movement is usually in ____form
minute and trio
A rondo is most typically found in the _____ last movement of a classical multi movement cycle
last
A string quartet consists of
2 violins, viola, cello
The form of the slow movement of Haydn’s String Quartet, OP. 76, NO 3 is:
theme and variations
Who was Haydn’s principal patron
Prince Esterhazy
Mozart’s Eine kleine Nachtmusik
serenade
The three main sections of sonata-allegro form are the exposition, the development, and the
recapitulation
What is the function of the bridge or transition in sonata-allegro form
The climax of sonata-allegro form appear when the tonic returns at the
recapitulation
A musical setting of the Mass for the dead is called a
Requiem
Mozart’s Requiem was
his last work, incomplete at his death
The Dies irae text from the Requiem Mass describes
Judgement day
Which of the following correctly describes the musical forces for Mozart’s Requiem
winds, brass, strings, timpani, choir, and four soloists
The_____ accompanies the baritone voice in the Tuba mirum section of Mozart’s Requiem
trombone
The text of Mozart’s Requiem is sung in
Latin
During the 19th century, the Mass was sung only in church
false
Mozart died before finishing the Requiem, and one of his students completed the work for him
true
How did comic opera differ from opera seria
it was sung in the vernacular, it presented down to earth plots, it featured ensembles as well as solo singing
Mozart’s librettist for Don Giovanni was
Lorenzo de Ponte
Which of the following descriptions characterizes the story of Don Giovanni
It mixes elements of opera seria and opera buffa
Don Giovanni attempts to console Donna Elvira, who has been betrayed by
Don Giovanni himself
The catalogue Aria from Mozart’s Don Giovanni lists Don Giovanni’s
conquests
Comic opera generally was sung in the language of the audience, or the vernacular
true
Which of the following was NOT a favored sonata instrumentation during the late 18th century
piano and trumpet
Beethoven suffered from perhaps the most traumatic of all maladies for a musician. What was it?
deafness
Beethoven’s Piano Sonata in C sharp minor, OP 27, NO 2, was subtitled Moonlight by
The poet Rellstab, shortly after the composer’s death
Beethoven’s career is often divided into ____ compositional periods
three
Which composer both maintained and disrupted the balance of the classical style
Beethoven
With which symphony did Beethoven begin to expand the possibilities of the genre
NO 3
The “Ode to Joy” is the finale of Beethoven’s
Symphony NO 9
Which of the following best describes the opening idea of Beethoven’s Symphony NO 5
A four note motive
Beethoven abondoned Classical principles in composing his symphonies
false
Beethoven wrote his two symphonies in a style similar to that of Haydn and Mozart
True
In spite of numerous innovations, Beethoven’s Symphony NO 5 has the standard four movements of the Classical symphony
true
Which of the following is identified as the first great creative Romantic
Beethoven
Which of the following does NOT describe Romanticism
The 19th century saw the rise of a new social order shaped by
the technological advances of the Industrial Revolution
The democratic character of the Romantic moment is illustrated by
sympathy for the oppressed, interest in folk culture, faith in human kind and its destiny
During the 29th century, concert life began to center of the
public concert hall
Which of the following does NOT describe orchestra of the 19th century
the size of the orchestras decreased, making for more compact ensembles
A song whose text is a short lyric poem in German with piano accompaniment is called a
Lied
Which of the following was NOT a typical theme of Romantic Poetry
praise of the virgin mary
A song form in which the same melody is repeated for every stanza of text is called
strophic
A song that is composed from beginning to end without repetition of whole sections is called
through composed
Schubert and his friends organized evening gatherings or artists, writers, an musicians, called:
Schubertiads
Which of the musical devices does Shubert use to portray the child’s terror in Elfking
high range and dissonance
Schubert’s sing Elfking is a setting of a ballad written by
Goethe
Which 19th century American composer is best remember for his parlor songs and minstrel show tunes
Stephen Foster
Which of the following best describes minstrelsy
shows that featured performers in blackface
The form of Foster’s Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair is
strophic
Foster’s Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair is based on a poem by
Foster himself
For the most part, 19th century Americans rejected the music of European culture
false
Minstrelsy created negative stereotypes of black culture
true
Foster intended his songs to be performed by professional singers only
false
Instrumental music endowed with literary, philosophical, or pictorial associations is called
program music
Which of the following compositions is LEAST likely to be an example of program music
String Quartet in B-flat Major
Music composed without literary or pictorial meanings is called
absolute music
Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique is an example of an
program symphony
Which of the following inspired Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique
the actress Harriet Smithson
The Dies Irae is
a chant from the Mass for the Dead
In the Symphonie fantastique, Berloiz used a recurrent theme that he called the idee fixe, symbolizing the beloved
true
The finale to the Symphonie fantastique projects a satanic character
true
The librettist for Wagner’s music dramas was
Wagner himself
Wagner chose to base his early opera on
medieval German epics
Wagner’s cycle of four music dramas is called
The Ring of the Nibelung
Wagner’s total artwork, in which all the arts-music, poetry, drama, visual spectacle – are fused together is called
the Gesamtkunstwerk
In Wagner’s Ring of the Nibelung, who are the Valkyries
the nine daughters of Wotan
The artistic trends of the early 20th century can be best characterized as
a reaction against Romanticism
The center of music publishing in New York was called
Tin Pan Alley
Which American musician introduced ragtime and early jazz styles to France during WW 1
Scott Joplin
The element of melody in 20th century music is best characterized by
wide leaps and dissonant intervals
Avant-garde artists sought to distinguish themselves from traditional “high culture” and from mass market tastes
true
The Depression had little impact on the performing arts
false
Which of the following describes dissonance
It played a large role in 20th century music
Which of the following does NOT characterize the musical language of Expressionism
extended passages of consonance
Music that rejects the framework of key is described as
atonal
Schoenberg created a new style in which vocal melodies were spoken rather than sung with exact pitches and rhythms. This was known as
Sprechstimme
Klangfarbenmelodie refers to
a style that gives each other note of a melody to a different instrument
The melodies in Expressionistic music usually were conjunct
false
Which of the following music genres developed around the turn of the 20th century and incorporates elements of African music and Western popular and art music
jazz
Which American city is considered the birthplace of Jazz
New Orleans
Which instrument did Louis Armstrong play
trumpet
Louis Armstrong’s instrument-like approach to singing is called
scat singing
Which american jazz composer was a also a pianist and a master of a bid-band orchestration
Duke Ellington
Bid band swing was the dominant form of American popular music in the 1930’s and 1940’s
true
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