Which artist best depicts the urbane and somewhat melancholy revelries of the eighteenth-century European aristocracy?
Antoine Watteau

Which two artists are more closely associated with the rococo style in art?
J-H. Fragonard and Antoine Watteau

In what phenomenon did the Parisian Madame Geoffrin play an important role?
the success of the salon as an intellectual and social occassion

Francois Boucher’s The Toilet of Venus most clearly illustrates what idea or topic?
the luxurious self-indulgence of the Rococo style

Which movement or style employed shell-like decoration and themes of playful sexuality or seduction?
Rococo

Who created romanticized portraits that he called “fancy pictures” that appealed to the wealthy classes of eighteenth-century Britain?
Thomas Gainsborough

Which statement best describes the aim of the Enlightenment philosophies?
The practical application of reason to human problems

What term describes the idea, popularized by J.

-J. Rousseau, that human society originated in an agreement among naturally free individuals to establish the rule of law and civil society?

The Social Contract

With what term or concept did Adam Smith describe the principle that individuals pursuing their individual self-interest would naturally create prosperity and happiness for all?
“invisible hands” or wealth of nations

What would an eighteenth-century deist most likely have done?
doubled the revelations of the Christian Bible

J.-J. Rousseau’s novel titled Emile would today be most influential in what field of study?
the philosophy of education

Which work most directly expresses the neoclassical desire for simplicity and classical decoration?
Gabriel’s Petit Trianan

Which work best illustrates the fashion of sensibilite by its appeal to moralizing sentiment?
Greuze’s the birds of the village

What was the most notable achievement of Marie-Elisabeth Vigee-Leburn?
Paint flattering portraits of Europe’s nobility

Which statement best describes the works of J.

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-H. Fragonard, creator of The Progress of Love?

embodied the frivolous mood of the rococo

Which work embodies the principles of eighteenth-century neoclassicism?
David Lictor’s Beannatoe Brutus the Bodies of his sons

The Marriage of Figaro by W. A. Mozart is an example of what musical form?
bo pera

Which work might have been most influenced by Palladio’s book of classical designs, an important document in eighteenth-century neoclassicism?
Jefferson’s Monticello

In Rousseau’s Social Contract, what was the term for the collective desire of citizens as guided by public virtue?
general will

Marie Anne de Cupis de Camargo was a central figure in the development of what art?
ballet dance

In which work might one expect to read the impassioned letters of a virtuous servant?
Richardson’s Pamela

What term or phrase is best applied to Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin’s painting Boy Spinning Top?
ordinary people engaged in commonplace pastimes

Which work is a pictorial example of satire– the effort to improve society by humorous criticism of its foibles?
William Hogarth

What best describes the achievement of Jonathan Swift?
a satirical commentator on human folly

What best states the hero’s thoughts at the end of Voltaire’s tale Candide?
“everything is best”

Which movement or style aimed to compile all human knowledge as a practical guide to the improvement of the human condition?
social contract– powers of government denied from an agreement among people living in a state of nature

In Japan’s “floating world” of urban entertainment districts, the form of ___________ theatre employed colorful costumes and elaborate staging.
kabukl

Which topic best describes the principal concern of the liberal revolutions of 1776 and 1789?
freedom from tyranny and arbitrary government authority

With what term or concept did the Federalist write James Madison describe the self-regulating interaction among branches of government in the U.S. Constitution?
checks and balances

What leading painter of the French Revolution shifted his allegiance to Napolean and became the “First Painter” of imperial France?
Jacques-Louis David

What philosophical or religious idea exercised the greatest influence on Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence?
John Locke’s concept of rights belonging to people

Which statement best describes the tone of sculptural works of Antonio Canova, as evidenced in his reclining figure of Pauline Bonaparte as Venus?
coolly neoclassical in their style

“It is indeed a wonderful sensation to see such an individual who, here concentrated into a single point, reaches out over the world and dominates it.” To whom was the philosopher G.W.F. Hegel referring here, seeing in this individual the embodiment of the World-Spirit?
Napoleon Bonaparte

How did Ludwig van Beethover substantially alter the Classical symphony form of Haydn and Mozart?
using motif to expand and unify the symphony structure

What was a central argument in Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto?
history advances by a dialectical struggle between classes

Which work was most influenced by Lord Byron’s vision of a rebellious and self-destructive hero?
Delacrioux’s The Death of Sardanapalus

What statement best describes Goya’s Executions of the Third of May, 1808?
expresses a romantic protest against tyranny and oppression

The romantic hero who strives excessively for greater love, power, and knowledge, is best exemplified by what figure?
Goethe’s Faust

Which work best celebrated the romantic belief in political freedom and social unity?
Delacriox’s Liberty Leading the People

Which of these romantic works inspired a set of illustrations by Delacroix, several Lieder by Schubert, and an opera by Charles Gounod?
Goethe’s Faust

What aspect of the romantic sensibility is best expressed in Albert Bierstadt’s painting Among the Sierra Nevada?
the valued anthropological details of Native American cultures destroyed by encroaching settlement

What poet wrote a sprawling dramatic poem based on the medieval legend of a scholar who sells his soul to the devil?
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

For what reason would Turner’s The Slave Ship have been criticized by traditional art critics?
disregarded precise detail in favor of atmospheric color and light

In what kind of work would one most likely expect to encounter the technique of idee fixe?
a symphony by Hector Borlioz

What romantic-era philosopher proposed that the mind possessed imaginative or “transcendental” powers to give shape and order to sense experience?
Immanuel Kant

“The world is too much with us; late and soon, Getting and spending we lay waste our powers…” What romantic idea is expressed in these lines from a poem by William Wordsworth?
humans are too easily distracted from nature by material pursuits

Which work best expresses the romantic fascination with picturesque Gothic architecture?
Fonthill Abbey

“Would men but generously snap our chains, and be content with rational fellowship instead of slavish obedience, they would find us more observant daughters, more affectionate sisters, more faithful wives, more reasonable mothers…” These lines are from an early feminist manifesto by what author?
Mary Wollstonecraft

Which phrase best describes program music, a frequent format of music in the romantic era?
explicitly tells a story or describes a place

J. A. D. Ingres’ The Turkish Bath is an example of what romantic theme?
interest in the exotic

Which novel of willful and tortured souls living in the wild English countryside, buffeted by romantic passions and moral dilemma?
Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre

In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, how is the central figure of the doctor best characterized?
a Prometheus who seeks to steal power from the gods

Who was famed as a virtuoso pianist and composer of romantic nocturnes and preludes?
Frederic Chopin

E. A. Poe and Mary Shelley wrote masterpieces of the genre called _________, tales characterized by horror, supernatural effects, and a medieval setting.
gothic novel

Which example best illustrates the Victorian spirit of progress and the use of new industrial materials?
Paxton’s Crystal Palace

In which work is the principle of “natural selection” a central; concept?
Darwin’s Origin of Species

What statement best expresses the utilitarian philosophy of J.S. Mill?
all should strive for the greater good of the greatest number

Why would traditional art critics in 1850 have criticized Gustave Courbet’s Burial at Ornans?
depicted a commonplace scene from ordinary life

Which work would properly be classified as “realist”– aiming to depict its subject in full detail and with honesty?
Flaubert’s Madame Bovary

Which artist helped inspire a movement called l’art pour l’art– “art for art’s sake”– with morbidly erotic poetry?
Charles Baudelaire

Which statement best describes Richard Wagner’s cycle of four operas titled Ring of the Nibelung?
synthesized orchestral music, song, and staging in a “total” art work

What composer achieved innovations in orchestration and tonality that are ofter called “impressionism in music”?
Claude Debussy

Why would the artistic public of the 1860s most likely have rejected Edouard Manet’s Luncheon on the Grass?
the picture placed a bold nude woman in a contemporary setting

In explaining the importance of Baron Haussman’s new Paris., which cheerfully destroyed traditional neighborhoods in favor of efficient boulevards and up-to-date apartment buildings, what term would you most appropriately use?
modernity

Which term is best associated with Louis Sullivan’s Wainright Building in St. Loius and other “Chicago-style” skyscrapers?
the steel-cage frame

How is the style of Art Nouveau best described?
employed floral and vegetal motifs

Which statement best describes the statue of the novelist Balzac sculpted by Auguste Rodin?
suggests the appetites and energy of its famous subject

In what European city would one have seen the first impressionist exhibition?
Paris

For what shortcoming would a tradition-minded connoisseur most likely have criticized early impressionist paintings?
amateurish sketchiness

What pair of painters sought to develop beyond the impressionist style in the direction of greater formal order and abstraction?
Paul Cezanne and Georges Seurat

What technique of impressionist and post-impressionist styles, visible especially in Mary Cassatt’s later works, was adapted from Japanese ukiyo-e prints?
asymmetrical compositions and flat expanses of bright color

What characteristic of the impressionist style is best illustrated by Renoir’s Le Moulin de la Galette?
gaiety of life communicated through light and color

What American impressionist painter was known for paintings focused on the intimacy of mother and child?
Mary Cassatt

What pair of painters best defines the pure impressionist style of brilliant color and vibrant brushwork?
Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir

Which is a post-impressionist work that used vivid colors to achieve greater emotional power and expressiveness than the impressionists did themselves?
Van Gogh’s Starry Night

Which characteristic best describes Georges Seurat’s Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte?
painstaking method of applying tiny dots of color

Who was an impressionist painter whose works are marked by careful observation of the human figure, often in awkward movements and positions?
Edgar Degas

What pair of painters responded to the impressionist style by seeking more intense expressiveness of color and design?
Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin

How is Fyodor Dostoevsky’s tale of the “Grand Inquisitor,” from his novel The Brothers Karamazov, best described?
an anguished modern inquiry into the problem of evil

Which work develops and applies the concept of the Ubermensch– a type of humans willing to reach “beyond good and evil” and create their own values?
Neitzsche

What Japanese art, perfected by the artists Hiroshige and Hokusai, exercised a great influence on European artists of the late nineteenth century?
Color wood-block print

What figure understood the human will in light of his pessimistic conclusion that “life is given us, not to be enjoyed but to be overcome?”
Arthur Schopenhaur

What would provide the best illustration of Albert Einstein’s special theory of relativity, first published in 1905?
Einstein imagined passengers in a spaceship leaving the planet at nearly the speed of light

Which can be counted as a direct result of the “Great War”?
the convulsion of Russia by social and political revolution

The documentary photographs of Dorothea Lange and Walker Evans are associated with what important historical event or phenomenon in the era 1910-45?
the Great Depression

Which pair of works could both be classified as documentary in purpose– that is, intending to record social reality directly and truthfully?
Dorothea Lange, Migrant Mother, and Riefenstahl, Triumph and the Will

The landmark film of Leni Riefenstahl titled Triumph of the Will, with its visually stunning shots of massed crowds, is most closely associated with what historical phenomenon?
the great war

Which work best illustrates cubism’s effort to analyze subjects into planes, angles, and geometric shapes, in an attempt to show the object simultaneously from different perspectives?
Picasso’s Les Demoiselle’s d’Avignon

Which statement best describes Picasso’s Three Musicians?
its bright colors and irregular shapes give it a humorous tone

With what phenomenon of modernist culture would you associate Marcel Duchamp’s ready-mades, sculptures made of ordinary objects like bicycle wheels or urinals?
Conceptual art

Which work shows most clearly modernism’s interest in “primitivism?”
Picasso’s Les Demoiselle’s d’Avignon

Which statement best describes Henri Matisse’s The Joy of Life, dating from about 1905-6?
Fauvist painting with broad fields of color and linear figures

Who was closely associated with the Bauhaus school in Germany and was an important innovator in modern architecture?
Walter Gropius

Which statement best describes Wassily Kandinsky’s Improvisation 28?
Its swirling lines and color have no reference to figure or story

What best describes Paul Klee’s mystical and child-like painting All Around the Fish?
A synthesis on the influence of the modernist

Which modernist figure argued that women who wanted to write needed above all an income independent of men and “a room of one’s own”?
Virginia Woolf

Which statement best describes the literary works of Franz Kafka?
central characters are caught in absurd and terrifying circumstances

Which work is associated with a twentieth-century attempt to revive the great Renaissance fresco tradition of decorating building walls with monumental paintings?
Enslavement of the Indians by Orozco

Which work is the nest example of a surrealist work that explores the inner world of dream, emotion, and imagination?
Dali’s Persistence of Memory

What term is best associated with Freud’s theory of the human psyche?
libido

What statement best describes the principles of architectural modernism, as illustrated in Le Corbusier’s Villa Savoye?
rejection of decoration in favor of pure glass or concrete skin

What statement best describes Picasso’s Guernica as a work of art?
uses cubist abstraction to protest technological war

What best expresses the American idiom of modernism in the arts?
Wright’s Falling Water

What would one expect to encounter in listening to Igor Stravinsly’s score for Rite of Spring?
polyrhythm and dissonance

Which statement best describes Duke Ellington?
composed his works principally for jazz ensembles

Who fashioned a system of teaching modern dance that made it as rigorous as classical ballet?
Martha Graham

Which statement best describes architect Frank Lloyd Wright?
believed a building should reflect its natural surroundings

Louis Armstrong’s 1920s recordings with the “Hot Five” and “Hot Seven” established what aspect of Armstrong’s musical achievement?
jazz solo and “free jazz”

What post-war American group of poets and novelists explored themes of rootlessness and the endless quest for meaning?
the beats

Which best defines Mahatma Gandhi’s principle of satyagraha, which he and his followers employed to win India’s independence from colonial rule in 1948?
a nonviolent technique of resistance

Which statement best describes the appeal of existentialism?
searched for authentic freedom in an absurd world

Which statement best describes the work of Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath?
composed poetry in a “confessional” vein, with graphic images of female sexuality

Which statement best describes Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man?
illustrates a young black man’s struggle to find his own identity

Who is best categorized as an “abstract expressionist” painter of the New York school?
Jackson Pollock

Which work is a masterpiece of the theater if the absurd?
Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot

Which work can be seen as an application of the surrealist technique of automatic creation– “in which the artist allows the unconscious rather than the conscious with to stimulate the act of creation”?
Jackson Pollock, Number 1

Which statement best describes the art of Robert Rauschenberg, creator of Monogram?
crossed over the division between traditional art and mass culture

Which work shows the sculptor’s training in automobile assembly plants and his attempt to unite art with industrial design and technology?
David Smith, Cubi XVIII

The term “pop art” is best applied to which work?
Warhol’s, Red Elvis

Which work is properly described as a mobile, composed of shapes suspended in the air?
Spring Blossoms by Alexander Calder

Which artist expanded the definition of music by inventing a music of chance and random sound?
John Cage

What American musical form rose to prominence in the age of rock-and-roll and made its African American practitioners international pop stars?
rhythm-and-blues

Which work best applies the belief that architecture should resemble sculpture in its flowing line and organic shape?
F.L. Wright’s Guggenheim Museum

Which structure best illustrates the architectural prinicples of the International Style– glass-and-steel towers of unadorned purity?
Mies van der Rohe and Phillip Johnson’s Seagram Building

Which statement best describes the artistic style of Romare Bearden, whose works celebrated African-American ritual and community?
created mosaics of photomontage, cloth and ordinary objects

Which work is a large-scale assemblage of discarded wooden shapes, a symbol of the refuse of modern urban society?
Louisse Nevelson, Black Wall

Whos most important works were a series of ten plays depicting African-American experience in twentieth-century America?
August Wilson

Which statement best describes the artists Christo and Jeanne-Claude?
uses spacious natural sites for unique sculptures on a large scale

Which statement best describes the work of Argentinean Jorge Luis Borges?
wrote self-consciously metaphysical stories about labrynthine fictional worlds

The fiction of Gabriel Garcia Marquez, notably his novel One Hundred Years of Solitude, is best described by which term?
magic realism

Who is the novelist whose existential hero suffers from the now-famous “Catch-22”?
Joseph Heller

The term megalith is properly applied to what work of the ancient world?
Stonehenge

What term or topic would be most relevant to a discussion of monumental architecture in the ancient world?
pyramids, ziggurats,

The carved figures of Mycerinus and His Queen, which probably stood along a long causeway, were created by what ancient civilization?
Egyptian

Hammurabi’s Code would be most relevant to a discussion of what topic in the development of ancient civilization?
Law enforcement

What ancient Near Eastern ruler received the power of the city of Babylon and rebuilt it in grand fashion with an imposing gate and a multi-layered ziggurat?
Nebuchadnezzar II

The prayers and hymns of the Vedas were the creation of what ancient civilization?
Indian

Which structure functioned as an elaborate tomb for god-like rulers?
Pyramids of Giza

The Sumerians were the first people of the ancient world to accomplish what?
Cuneiform– first form of writing

What term or topic would be most relevant to a discussion of the earliest American civilizations?
Calendars, monuments, market places, ritualistic sacrafice

What geographic feature provided the center of early human cultures in the South American continent?
valleys of the mountains

The first great cities of the ancient world arose in what region?
Mesopotamia

In the view of modern scholars, which factor likely played the greatest role in humans’ different rates of cultural development in the ancient world?
writing and the ability to keep records

What statement best describes the Persian kingdom established by the rulers Cyrus II and Darius, who built a capital at Persepolis?
Persian empire was last and greatest of ancient near east civilizations

What topic or term would be most useful in discussing the epic tale of Gilgamesh, whose heroic life culminates in a search for immortality?
humans don’t need immortality– that is for the gods

In ancient myths, modern psychologists find evidence of deep-rooted, universal mental images called_____.
archetypes

Rituals involving bull-leaping and female snake deities or priestesses are associated with what culture?
Minoan

Which qualities best characterize the Minoan civilization of ancient Crete?
Spontaneous and skilled in craft

What might one expect to find in an archeological excavation at the ancient palace complex at Knossos, on the island of Crete?
a snake goddess figure

What culture or period could you best illustrate with the beaten gold funeral mask of a ruler mistaken for Agamemnon, remembered as a hero of the Trojan War?
Old Babylonian

What civilization attacked and plundered the city of Troy and provided the dim cultural memory on which the Homeric poems were based?
Greeks

What phrase best describes the achievement of Sappho?
the most admired lyric poet of the ancient Greek world

Where would one expect to find a description of Chaos and the birth of the gods from mother earth?
The Ancient near east

What features in distinctive of an Ionic column on a classical building?
Scrolled capitals

The Kritios Boy, with its subtly tilted shoulders and hips, can be seen as the beginning of what period of ancient Greek art?
Classical

Who was Athens’ most important political leader during its Golden Age, the period of the Parthenon’s construction?
Pericles

A caryatid column was employed in what work of art?
Erectheum in the shape of maidens

On the Parthenon in Athens, what scene is depicted on the temple’s inner or cella (Ionic) frieze?
a procession of Athenian citizens

Who was the first great Greek tragedian, in whose drama the suffering of humans eventually led to the recognition of divine wisdom?
Aeschylus

In which work would you find one of the classical orders employed?
The Parthenon

Which Athenian tragedian – the last of classical Athens’ three great tragic playwrights- “sought to show how people as they are, not as they ought to be?”
Euripides

How is the Athenian Aristophanes best described?
most important author of ancient Greek comedy

For what purpose was an orchestra in classical Athens most likely used?
a dancing area for a tragic chorus

During what period of Greek civilization would one most likely see an idealized and rationally proportioned statue of a god or athlete, poised in a harmonious balance?
Classical

How is the Confucian concept of jen best described?
the cultivation of individual benevolence and humanity, leading to right action

Which work best illustrates the emotional intensity and drama of the Hellenistic style in sculpture?
Laocoon and his two sons

The Greek tragic theater began as a worship of Dionysus, Greek god of_______.
wine and intoxication

Which work is the best example of propaganda designed to glorify the person and power of the Roman emperor?
Augustus of Primaporta

Strolling through the imperial forum in Rome, what would one be surprised to see?
Arch of Trajan

Which work of art contained a sculpture narrative glorifying the military achievements of a Roman emperor?
Column of Trajan

Which engineering achievement was used to carry water to a Roman city?
Aqueducts

Which of major structure, a masterpiece of Roman engineering, was supported by a complex system of interior arches and vaulting?
Pont du Gard

How is a dome best described?
consists of a series of arches intersecting around a central axis

In a domed Roman temple, where would one find an oculus?
Ceiling

What would one expect to find in an excavation at Pompeii?
artifacts revealing the nature of Roman daily life

Where would one most easily find an atrium?
in a private home in Pompeii

Plautus and Terence are primarily responsible for the advancement of what Roman art?
dramatic comedy

Virgil’s greatest poetic work, the Aeneid, most closely resembles what Greek model?
Homer’s epic, the Iliad

The term scaenae frons is most relevant in a discussion of what Roman art?
dramatic comedy

What would an Epicurean like Lucretius, author of On the Nature of the Universe, most likely claim to be true?
the good in moderate pleasure and freedom from pain

Which was a monument to Rome’s imperial power and achievement?
the forum of Trajan

The art of mosaic was most useful in the pursuit of what Roman art?
pictorial decoration

Which was a Roman building that employed a central dome?
Pantheon

In what aspect was Roman civilization markedly different from Greek civilization?
interest in the practical and useful

Which Roman writer took the Greek poet Sappho’s lyric poetry as principal influence and model?
Catullus

The philosophy of stoicism, propounded by the Roman slave-philosopher Epictetus, declared what basic principle or idea?
brotherhood of ALL humanity. world peace

In which of these works would one expect to read a bitterly humorous criticism of Rome’s decadence and corruption?
a satire

What was the greatest achievement of Cicero, the late Republican intellectual?
save Rome from hitting a dictatorship

As adopted by the Romans in their early history, how is the form of government called a republic best described?
a representative democracy

What event or development transformed the Roman empire in the centuries before the rise of Christianity?
built the first Christian Roman church

If asked to illustrate the Roman genius for creating lavish architectural interiors as a setting for recreation and pleasure, which structure would you most plausibly cite?
Colosseum

This term for the political and social policy in which a single nation or city dominates other territories as its subject nations.
Imperialism

Historians give the Latin name _________ to the 200-year period in which Rome’s empire enjoyed relative peace and stability.
Pax Romana

The architectural form and building material that accounted for Romans’ innovative building program were______ and ________.
arch; concrete

The stoic emperor associated with the end of Rome’s golden age of peace was _______.
Marcus Aurelius

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Intro to Humanities. (2017, Dec 12). Retrieved from https://paperap.com/paper-on-intro-to-humanities/

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