Humanities Final
Essay,
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Why did Jesus of Nazareth identify himself as the Messiah?
He never made his claim, his followers did
What promise became the foundation of Christian faith?
Resurrection
Which sect is associated with the Dead Sea Scrolls?
Essenes
Why is the Masads one of the most symbolic cities in all of Israel?
Sacrifice of the Jews
Why are the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke known as the synoptic gospels?
Tell the same stories
From which cult did Christianity draw baptism, sacrifice for the good of humanity, and Jesus’s birth date?
persuasion
Why in 325 CE did Constantine move his capital from Rome to Byzantine, which he renamed Constantinople?
Do the German tribes
What about its design made Justinian’s San Vitale church in Ravenna unique?
Octagonal
Why did the Byzantine emperor Leo III inaugurate a program of iconoclasm?
No images
As explained in the chapter’s “Continuity and Change” section, why is Venice home to a vast amount of Byzantine art?
Louting in the century
Why was the Mecca important to the Bedouin traders?
Water is supreme/ natural springs
Why was the Kaaba significant to the Bedouins?
Images of the Gods
Why is the Kaaba significant to Muslims today?
Center of the Univers
What does the word Islam mean?
Submission
Why in 610 CE did the Archangel Gabriel first visit Mohummad?
To deliver messages
Why do Muslims believe that the Qur’an cannot be translated?
Direct message (word) of God
What is the hadith?
Saying of Mohummad
Why is the Muslim year shorter than the Christian year?
Lunar calendar
Why did Mohammad allow Muslim men to have up to four wives?
To provide protective charity
Why in the Qur’an are Muslim women advised to dress modestly?
To avoid harassment
Why did Islam split into two main groups around 661?
Disagreement (Caleb)
Why do Muslims decorate their mosques without figurative images?
Muhammad warned that image makers would face punishment at judgment
Why perhaps were conquered Africans eager to convert to Islam?
To avoid enslavement
Why does Scheherazade in The Thousand and One Nights tell her husband a story each night?
To avoid being killed
Why are practitioners of Islam’s mystical branch called Sufi?
They wrote intense poetry
As reported in the chapters “Continuity and Change” section, why did Islam inevitably come into conflict with Christianity?
They believed Jesus is the only son of God (The “WHOLE” son of God)
What advantages did feudalism offer the nobles?
Military support/ Goods and produce
What advantages did feudalism offer the fiefs?
Land and protection
Why did Europe’s Christians embark on pilgrimages?
Get rid of sin
What pilgrimage destination was most difficult to reach?
Jerusalem
Why was the wergild of a thane higher than that of a thrall
Slaves
Why is Beowulf considered an English poem even though its events take place in Scandinavia?
Written in old English
Why does Beowulf travel from Denmark to Sweden?
Monster
What was the main task of Christian missionaries in England?
To transfer the people allegiance from king to God
Why was the Book of Kells moved from Iona off the Scottish coast to Kells in Ireland?
To protect it from the Vikings
Why did Pope Leo III crown Charlemagne the first Holy Roman Emperor?
For Christianizing the people of his vast empire
Why di d Charlemagne insist upon a Christian education for his people?
So more people could join
Why in 1066 did William of Normandy invade England?
To make good on the promise that William will be the next King
What architectural feature especially distinguishes a Romanesque church?
vaults
What effect was the space created by the Romanesque churches barrel vaults designed to produce for pilgrims?
Direct thoughts towards heaven
Why were Romanesque churches portals of special importance?
To define divinity between secular and sacred space
Why was the courtly love poetry written in the common language instead of Latin?
More people would be able to enjoy it
What medieval cult is connected to the courtly love literature?
Cult of the virgin
According to the chapter’s “Continuity and Change” section, if Romanesque style represented rural monastic life, what did the Gothic style reflect?
Emerging cities
Why was “Gothic” as applied to France’s new architecture originally a derogatory term?
The Goths had destroyed classical traditions
Why was light vital to Saint Denis’s design?
It is the physical and material manifestation of God
Why were so many of the cathedrals called Notre Dame (“Our Lady”)?
They were dedicated to the Virgin Mary, Queen of Heaven
What religious relic does Chartes Cathedral house?
Tunic of many/ when she gave birth
Why did the Gothic cathedrals contain stained-glass programs?
To tell stories to illustrate people
Why is the Jesse tree a common stained-glass motif?
establishes Mary’s royal lineage to david
Which of the following innovations was key in Gothic architecture?
Ribbed Vaulting
Why did the Gothic cathedrals include flying buttresses?
To hold them together/ support for arches
What musical instrument became popular in the cathedrals?
Organ
Why in 1179 did the cathedral school of Notre- Dame in Paris start admitting nonclerical students?
Pop ordered it
Where was the first university founded?
Bologna, Italy
On whose method did Peter Abelard base his teaching?
Socrates
Why was Abelard castrated and forced to seek sanctuary in a monastery?
Fell in love and impregnated a student
What two subjects did Scholasticism seek to reconcile?
Christianity and classical thinking
What relie did Louis IX purchase on Crusade in Constantinople to display at Sainte- Chapelle?
Christ crown of thrones
Why was Louis IX so beloved by the French people?
private wars
Why did the Flourentine families donate chapels to the mendicant churches?
Guaranteed families salvation
Who created the first crèche?
Saint Francis
According to the chapters “Continuity and Change” section, what exploration was a driving force in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries?
Meaning of being human
Why did Siena experience population growth after 1125?
Common status offered freedom
Why were Siena’s guilds able to rise to such levels of power?
Was an important manufacturer
Which guilds in pre-1355 Siena was most powerful?
Merchants
Why do pictures of the Virgin Mary abound in Siena?
Because Siena called itself ancient city of Mary
On what trade was Florence’s wealth based?
Texals
Why by the end of the fourteenth century did Florence become an important banking city?
The pope gave them special privileges
What was the Florentine banker’s most important invention?
Currency
Who in Florence was eligible to serve in the government?ly
Only guild members
Who was Florence’s patron saint?
John the Baptst
Why in the Arena Chapel frescoes does Giotto deliberately abandon the Byzantine balance and symmetry?
To make seems look more realistic
In the Arena Chapel frescoes, what is Giotto the first artist since antiquity to depict?
He was the first to paint people from the back
What is an advantage of the buon fresco technique?
The paint becomes part of the wall
Humanities Final. (2017, Dec 14). Retrieved from https://paperap.com/paper-on-humanities-final/
