A Review Paper on “Electrical Vehicle”

An electric car consists of a battery, an electric motor, and a controller. The motor is powered by batteries by using the battery’s electrical energy and converting it to kinetic energy. The controller regulates the energy flow to the electric motor. An electric car stores its energy on board in batteries. These batteries can be plugged into an electrical outlet or charged by another source such as a gasoline engine, fuel cells or solar power. The two main types of electric cars are all-electric and hybrid.

All-electric cars run only on batteries that are charged up by an electrical outlet and are only powered by the electric motor.

This project involves designing and constructing an “Electrical Vehicle” for garbage collection that would be economical, reliable, and environment friendly. The reason to choose this project, fossil fuels are being depleted because of three excessive use and limited stock to minimize this problem and to keep our earth free from pollution we are done this project.

There is no doubt that electric cars can be built and sold by major car companies. The question is can they be manufactured and sold for profit. Two other considerations with electric cars are their effect on the environment and the cost of creating the infrastructure needed to produce, repair and fuel electric cars.

The electric car has always been promoted because of its positive effects environmentally. The most popular advantage is that all-electric cars produce no roadside emissions. Other advantages are that electric cars produce no smog, smoke, odor or noise.

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All-electric cars reduce our dependence on and use of foreign oil. This is because all-electric cars require no gasoline or oil to operate. Hybrids also raise mileage per gallon compared to gasoline cars. Therefore, even hybrids can significantly reduce our use of foreign oil and the conflict surrounding it. Another advantage is that the only solid waste is the batteries. Also, lead-acid batteries are 97% recyclable. Electric cars will continue to have a positive effect on our environment as they reduce and eliminate our roadside emissions.

Electrical resaw is a three-wheel battery-operated vehicle, which is considered as an upgrade to conventional rickshaws, and economically better than auto-rickshaws and other fuel variants, these rickshaws, since are battery-powered have zero-emission and is often argued to be much better than other rickshaws as they are considered almost pollution-free. E rickshaws are now fairly popular amongst Indian rickshaw drivers and have created new opportunities for people, as they require a minimum investment to earn a living. They offer huge returns in less time and are easy to operate and has low maintenance and running cost. A lot of variants are available these days, most of them started as low-quality products and were imported from China. These days Indian e rickshaws have been developed offering a higher quality and better services at an equivalent cost. E rickshaws can provide a decent income since the battery charging cost is far lower than any other fuel, new material such as fiberglass has been introduced in them since the material provides high strength, durability, and is lighter than metals.

To minimize all these problems and to keep our earth free from pollution and human health and fitness, there is an urgent need to explore alternatives in place of fossil fuel-powered vehicles. Efforts are being put to develop vehicles powered by solar energy, hydrogen, biodiesel, and batteries. Battery-powered vehicles are not so popular in India because they need frequent charging, small distance traveled in single charging, small range of speed in comparison to conventional automotive short battery life etc.

In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems, an attempt has been made to design and fabricate environment-friendly, battery-powered, Electric vehicles. An electric vehicle, also called an electric drive vehicle, uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion. An electric vehicle may be powered through a collector system by electricity from off-vehicle sources or may be self-contained with a battery, solar panels or a generator to convert fuel to electricity.EVs include road and rail vehicles, surface and underwater vessels, electric aircraft, and electric spacecraft. Unlike vehicles with combustion engines, electric vehicles do not produce exhaust gases during operation. This alone makes electric vehicles more environmentally friendly than vehicles with conventional technology.

However, the electrical energy for charging the vehicle does have to be produced from renewable sources, e.g. from wind, solar, hydroelectric or biogas power plants. For our study of the core aspects of electromobility, we have chosen the areas of environment, politics, economy, society, infrastructure, and technology. It is not possible to completely separate the content of these areas because there are complex relationships between them. Climate change and the conditions for the use of fossil resources (limited availability, price) are causing countries to change their climate and energy policies and are causing changes to their national societies. Politicians are responding to these changes with natio

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