What Is Weed and How Can Control It?

Any plant not sown in the field by the farmer and grow where they are not wanted is called a weed. Examples; a corn plant growing in a soybean field, tulip growing in the middle of a yard. Classification of weeds:Narrow leaf Narrow leaf or grassy weeds look and act like grass. The leaves are narrow, stand upright, and have parallel veins. When the seedlings sprout, they have only one leaf. This is why grass can be mowed without killing the plant.

Most grasses have fibrous root systems. Grasses have both annual and perennial species. Examples; Jangli palak, Billi booti, Bathu etc.Broad leavesBroadleaf weeds are any weeds that don’t look and act like grass. Seedlings of broadleaves have two leaves that emerge from the seed. The veins of their leaves are netlike. They usually have a taproot and their root system is relatively coarse. Broadleaves may be annual, biennial, or perennial.

Examples; Jangli jai, Della, etc. Detrimental Effects:Compete with crops for moisture, light, nutrients.

Contaminate crops and their products e.g. off flavored milk.Weed seeds in a seed crop.Carry pathogens.Beneficial Effects:Prevent erosionProvide food and cover for wildlifeReduce leaching of minerals. Add organic matterEradication vs. Control: Eradication Killing every existing plant. Destroying all reproductive organsControlReducing existing plants. Presence of some weeds does not seriously interfere with the area’s economic us. Will not kill perennial weeds.

Example: ParaquatSystematic. Blocks metabolic activity.Translocated throughout the plant. Necessary to kill perennial weeds. Example: Roundup Selective Kills one type of plant but not another.

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Some will kill broadleaves, but not grasses. Others will kill some grasses and some broadleaves, but not others. Example: AtrazineAll selective herbicides are systematic BUT not all systematic herbicides are selective.about authorAnsa Rebiuniversity of agriculture faislabad