Survey of Music
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A scale comprised entirely of half steps is called a ____ scale
Chromatic
An interval smaller than a half step is called a:
Microtone
The key of a piece is determined:
By the scale used
When a composer shifts the pitch level of an entire work, it is called:
Transportation
The sign that indicates a pitch should be raised a half step is called a:
Sharp
The note one half step above G is:
G Sharp
When a composer shifts the key center for part of an entire work, it is called:
Modulation
How many major scales are there in Western music?
12
In Western music, dominant and subdominant chords are called ____ chords
Active
The octave is divided the same way in the musical systems of all cultures.
T/F
False
One of the most common scales used in Africa, Far Easter, and Native American music is the:
Penatonic Scale
Harmonies built on the dominant (5th scale degree) have a tendency toward
The tonic
If a major or minor scale is transposed to a different starting pitch, the pattern of half steps and whole steps change.
T/F
False
Music of the Baroque and Classical is mostly
Diatonic
The intervallic distance between G and A is
One whole step
If a composer wants to indicate excitement in a piece of music, what tempo would be appropriate?
Presto
Pianissimo would be indicated by the abbreviation
PP
Composers of the 18th and 19th centuries used even less expression marks than there predecessors. T/F
False
Dynamics determine the _____ at which music is played
Volume
If the music is gradually speeding up, the term used to describe this is:
Accelerando
If a composer wants to indicate tempo precisely, a _____ indication is given in the score
Beats per minute
Which of the following would indicate a fast tempo?
Vivace
Gradually getting softer in music is best indicated by which term in the score?
Diminuendo
Which dynamic marking would indicate to the performer to play gradually louder?
Crescendo
A musical sound is perceived at a certain volume and can be measured according to its
Amplitude
Returning to the original tempo after a change in the music is best indicated by what marking in the score?
A tempo
If a composer wants to indicate despair in a piece of music, which tempo is appropriate?
Grave
Which term indicates that a piece should be performed very loudly?
Fortissimo
Tempo refers to:
The rate of speed
Tempo and dynamic markings are usually given in French.
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T/F
False
The tuning system established in the Baroque that made it possible for instruments to play in any key is called?
Equal temperament
The artificially created adult male soprano, popular in the Baroque, is referred to as
Castrato
The Baroque system of figured bass allowed the performer to:
Improvise
The Baroque marks the introduction of solo song with instrumental accompaniment, called:
Monody
The term “Baroque” means exaggerated, abnormal, or even bizarre. T/F
True
Baroque art reflects the struggle of the middle classes against the aristocracy
True
Baroque composers often employed the doctrine of the affections in their works, resulting in:
One mood throughout the piece or movement
What roles did women play in music during the Baroque era?
Singers and composers
Which of the following is a Baroque-era poetic epic?
Milton’s Paradise Lost
The Baroque was characterized by deeply felt religious beliefs that led to bloodshed between Protestants and Catholics. T/F
True
The Baroque era was one of exploration and conquest T/F
True
The 2 instruments that provided Baroque accompaniment as a paid are referred to as?
Basso Continuo
Absolute monarchy was the main form of European government during the Baroque, one important ruler being Louis XIV of France. T/F
True
Artists such as Michelangelo created works that demonstrate the Baroque love of drama. T/F
True
The Baroque was characterized by the predominant use of major-minor tonality. T/F
True
Dynamic contrasts are achieved in Baroque music through
Forte/piano contrasts and echo effects
As musical instruments developed technically, the level of virtuosity rose in the Baroque
True
Where was Purcell employed when he wrote Dido and Aeneas?
He was a music teacher in a girls’ school
Strozzi’s work Amor dormiglione was inspired by
Roman mythology
Dido and Aeneas was first presented by:
A group of girls at a boarding school
Monteverdi was one of the first great composers of opera. T/F
True
Which musical style best describes the opening line “Thy hand, Belinda; darkness shades me”?
Secco Recitative
Barbara Strozzi was an educated musician from Baroque:
Venice
How does Purcell musically depict Dido’s grief in this aria?
With a descending, chromatic bass line
Despite being created in England, Purcell’s operas were sung in Italian. T/F
False
The most important new genre of the Baroque was
Opera
Dido’s aria is in 2 sections. Which text line begins the second section?
“Remember me, but ah, forget my fate”
An aria in an opera is characterized by:
Tuneful and highly emotive melodies
Which is true of an overture?
It is an instrumental introduction to an opera, and it may introduce themes from arias to follow
The text of an opera is known as:
Libretto
An operatic song in the form A-B-A, which allows for the soloist to embellish the last section, is called a:
De capo aria
The earliest opera plots were drawn from real-life situations. T/F
False
What is the basis for Monteverdi’s opera The Coronation of Peppea?
Roman history
The rejection of Italian opera is reflected in the French opera style associated with the composer Jean-Baptiste Lully. T/F
True
The libretto for this opera is based on:
The Aeneid
In the aria, Dido sings “Remember me, but ah, forget my fate.” What was her fate?
To die
Why does Dido sing a lament at the end of the opera?
Aeneas left her
What is the structural basis for Dido’s aria?
Ground Bass
The term “accompagnato,” as opposed to “secco,” describes a recitative in which:
The orchestra accompanies the recitative
The masque was an English entertainment that combines music and poetry. T/F
True
Who is considered to be to composer of England’s first important opera?
Purcell
Where is the name cantata derived from?
From the Italian cantare, meaning to sing
Which form describes the overall form of the aria “Rejoice greatly”?
Da capo form
Which voices sing the original chorale tune in the first movement of Cantata No. 140?
Soprano
What musical element changes in the second section of the aria “Rejoice greatly”?
Tonality
J.S. Bach’s church cantatas all contain solo arias, recitatives, and ___:
Choruses
What are many of Bach’s cantatas are based on what?
Protestant chorale or hymn tunes
Bach spend the last several decades of his life working at St. Thomas’s Church in:
Leipzig
Handel’s career was solely based on positions held in Germany T/F
False
Which best describes the text setting on the word “rejoice” in Handel’s aria from Messiah?
Melismatic
J.S. Bach had an international career T/F
False
In the Lutheran tradition, the cantata was performed along with the Gospel reading, sermon, and prayers on:
Most Sundays of the church
The Baroque oratorio evolved out of events that took place during when?
Counter-Reformation
What is Handels most famous opera seria?
Julius Caesar
The energetic instrumental idea that recurs several times between the vocal statements in the first movement of Cantata No. 140 is best described as:
Ritornello
The fourth movement of Bach’s Cantata No. 140 features tenor section singing in unison T/F
True
For what religious occasion was the cantata written?
End of the church year
Who wrote the chorale text and tune for Wachet auf (Sleepers Awake)?
Phillipp Nicolai
Lutheran chorale Wachet auf is in “bar form,” which is best described as:
A-A-B
What is the source of the text for Messiah?
Both Old and New Testament
For which church did Back write his cantatas?
Lutheran
Which best describes the texture heard in “Hallelujah Chorus” in Handel’s Messiah?
Alternating between homorhythmic and polyphonic textures
Which television program has used the Mouret Rondeau as a theme song?
Masterpiece Theatre
How many movements do Bach’s cantasas typically have?
Five to eight
Guarneri, Stradivarious, and Amati were all noted Baroque makers of which instruments?
Violin
Which instrument family is NOT heard in the second section of the Alla hornpipe?
Brass
What are Handel’s best-known orchestral suites?
Water Music and Music for the Royal Fireworks
What is the standard order of the Baroque Dance Suite?
1. Overture
2. Allemande
3. Courante
4. Sarabande
5. Other Dances (hornpipe, minuet)
6. Gigue (jig)
2. Allemande
3. Courante
4. Sarabande
5. Other Dances (hornpipe, minuet)
6. Gigue (jig)
Baroque trumpets were still “natural,” meaning they:
They were without valves
The strings of Baroque violin were made out of:
Gut
Which instrument was not utilized in the first performance of Handel’s Water Music on the Thames?
Harpsicord
Which composer is known for his grand divertissements at the French court?
Mouret
A Baroque suite is usually a group of dances T/F
True
The second section of Alla hornpipe differs from the first in that:
The tonality changes and only strings and woodwinds play
What is the structure of the Alla hornpipe from Handel’s Water Music?
Ternary
The Baroque dance inspired by the music of Germany is the:
Allemande
Where was the Water Music performed on July 17, 1717?
For a royal party on the Thames River
The Allegro movement from the Water Music Suite is in:
Ternary Form
What is the form of Mouret’s Roundeau?
A-B-A-C-A
What is the tempo heard in the Alla hornpipe from Handel’s Water Music?
Quick
The Baroque dance inspired by the music of Spain is the:
Sarabande
J.S. Bach and Handel were both masters on which instrument?
Organ
The title of the concerto genre is derived from the Latin verb ____, meaning “to contend with.”
Concertare
In the 3rd movement of his concerto, Spring, Vivaldi emulates the sound of bagpipes by incorporating a:
Drone
What makes The Four Seasons a programmatic work?
It is based on a set of poems, one for each season
A multi-movement form based on the opposition of one player against a larger group is a:
Solo concerto
The final movement in a Baroque concerto was typically set in what kind of tempo?
Fast
The small group of soloists in a concerto grosso is known as the:
Concertino
What is the unifying procedure in the first movement of the Spring concerto?
Ritornello
The second movement of Vivaldi’s Spring concerto depicts the sound of:
A dog barking
Which Baroque composer wrote over 200 solo concertos for violin?
Antonio Vivaldi
The first movement of Vivaldi’s concerto Spring is in ____ form
Ritornello
Which Baroque composer was known as the “red priest”?
Antonio Vivaldi
What is the solo instrument featured in Vivaldi’s Spring concerto?
Violin
Which composer wrote music for the Conservatorio dell’Ospedale della Pieta?
Vivaldi
How many movements do standard Baroque concertos have?
3
The tempo scheme of the movements in Vivaldi’s Spring concerto is best described as:
Fast, slow, fast
What are the 2 most popular types of concertos in the Baroque era?
Solo concerto and the concerto grosso
Vivaldi is famous for writing instrumental music that depicts a scene without the use of sung words, a style called:
Program music
How does Vivaldi musically evoke the image of birds in the first movement of the Spring concerto?
With high thrills and running scales
Which term best describes the larger group performing a concerto?
Ripieno
How many concertos make up Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos?
6
The Baroque concerto that is characterized by a solo instrument and orchestra is the:
Solo Concerto
The last work J.S. Bach wrote for the keyboard was his:
The Art of Fugue
A melody that is stated backward is said to be in:
Retrograde
The French style of composition that ushered in the Classical era was the:
Rococo
What is an example of Bach’s contrapuntal writing?
Art of Fugue
Which instrument played a central role in chamber music in the Baroque era?
Harpsichord
A new “realistic: style of opera being composed in Italy at the end of the Baroque was known as
Opera Buffa
The toccata is a highly virtuosic form. T/F
True
Which Baroque keyboard instrument had strings that were plucked by quills?
Harpsicord
What term refers to a melody in which the note values are made longer?
Augmentation
A keyboard work for the organ that elaborates on a chorale melody is called a:
Chorale prelude
The first section of a fugue is called the:
Exposition
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