Music Listening (Twentieth Century)

In music, the early twentieth century was a time of

Which of the following statements is not true?
A. The years following 1900 saw more fundamental changes in the language of music than any time since the beginning of the baroque era.
B. Twentieth-century music follows the same general principles of musical structure as earlier periods.
C. Twentieth-century music relies less on preestablished relationships and expectations.
D. After 1900 each musical composition is more likely to have a unique system of pitch relationships, rather than be organized around a central tone.

The most famous riot in music history occurred in Paris in 1913 at the first performance of

All of the following composers worked in the early years of the twentieth century except

Composers in the twentieth century drew inspiration from

Twentieth-century composers incorporated elements of folk and popular music within their personal styles because

A great twentieth-century composer who was also a leading scholar of the folk music of his native land was

Which of the following composers was not stimulated by the folklore of his native land?

Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Modern composers drew inspiration from a wider historical range of music.
B. The range of musical styles during the first half of the twentieth century was vast.

C. Composers in the early twentieth century drew inspiration only from serious art music and their own intellect, ignoring popular and folk music.
D. Western composers were more receptive and sympathetic to Asian and African cultures.

In twentieth-century music

The glissando, a technique widely used in the twentieth century, is

Among the unusual playing techniques that are widely used during the twentieth century is the _______, a rapid slide up or down a scale.

In modern music

A piano is often used in twentieth-century orchestral music to

Which of the following is not an alternative to the traditional organization of pitch used by twentieth-century composers?

The combination of two traditional chords sounding together is known as

A fourth chord is

A chord made of tones only a half step or a whole step apart is known as

Striking a group of adjacent keys on a piano with the fist or forearm will result in

To create fresh sounds, twentieth-century composers used

The technique of using two or more tonal centers at the same time is called

The absence of key or tonality in a musical composition is known as

Using all twelve tones without regard to their traditional relationship to major or minor scales, avoiding traditional chord progressions, is known as

The first significant atonal pieces were composed around 1908 by

The use of two or more contrasting and independent rhythms at the same time is known as

Ostinato refers to a

Recordings of much lesser-known music multiplied in 1948 through

Radio broadcasts of live and recorded music began to reach large audiences during the

The first opera created for television was Gian-Carlo Menotti’s

Composers from which area rose to importance during the Twentieth Century?

Which of the following countries did not produce an important composer in the Twentieth Century?

One of the most important teachers of musical composition in the twentieth century was

The most influential organization sponsoring new music after World War I was

During the first quarter of the Twentieth Century many composers left Russia because of

Impressionist painting and symbolist poetry as artistic movements originated in

The most important impressionist composer was

The term impressionist derived from a critic’s derogatory reaction to Impression: Sunrise, a painting by

When viewed closely, impressionist paintings are made up of

Impressionist painters were primarily concerned with the effect of light, color, and

The impressionist painters were particularly obsessed with portraying

Which of the following is not considered a symbolist poet?

Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Both impressionist painting and symbolist poetry were catalysts for many developments during the twentieth century.
B. Symbolist writers emphasized the purely musical, or sonorous, effects of words.
C. When viewed closely, impressionist paintings are made up of tiny colored patches.
D. The impressionist painters were particularly obsessed with portraying scenes of ancient French glories.

Many of Debussy’s songs are set to poems by the symbolist poet

A dramatic turning point in Debussy’s career came in 1902 when

Which of the following characteristics is not usually associated with impressionism?

Debussy’s music tends to

Impressionism in music is characterized by

In order to “drown the sense of tonality,” Debussy

A scale made up of six different notes each a whole step away from the next is called a ________ scale.

Debussy’s opera Pelléas et Mélisande is an almost word-for-word setting of the symbolist play by

In which of the following areas did Debussy not create masterpieces?

The poem that inspired the Prelude to “The Afternoon of a Faun” was written by

The faun evoked in Debussy’s famous composition is a

The neoclassical movement in music roughly encompassed the years

Which of the following statements concerning neoclassicism is not true?
A. Neoclassical composers reacted against twentieth-century harmonies and rhythms, and preferred to revive old forms and styles exactly as they were.
B. Neoclassical compositions use the musical forms and stylistic features of earlier periods, particularly of the eighteenth century.
C. Since many neoclassical compositions were modeled after Bach’s music, the term neobaroque might have been more appropriate.
D. Neoclassicism was an important trend in other art forms such as painting and poetry.

Which of the following is not characteristic of neoclassicism?

Neoclassical composers favored

Neoclassical compositions are characterized by

Neoclassical composers modeled many of their works after the compositions of

Neoclassicism was a reaction against

The painter who designed the sets for Stravinsky’s Pulcinella, and who went through a phase that showed the influence of ancient Greek art, was

Igor Stravinsky, at the age of twenty-one, began to study composition privately with

Stravinsky’s life took a sudden turn in 1909, when he met the director of the Russian Ballet,

Sergei Diaghilev was a famous

The immense success of Stravinsky’s 1910 ballet ________ established him as a leading young composer.

The famous riot in 1913 was caused by the first performance of Stravinsky’s ballet

Stravinsky’s enormous influence on twentieth-century music is due to his innovations in

Which of the following ballets is not from Stravinsky’s Russian period?

Stravinsky’s second phase is generally known as

During the period about 1920 to 1951, Stravinsky drew inspiration largely from

In the 1950s Stravinsky dramatically changed his style, drawing inspiration from

In the 1950s Stravinsky dramatically changed his style to favor

The deliberate evocation of primitive power through insistent rhythms and percussive sounds is known as

Le Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring) is an example of

Igor Stravinsky’s Rite of Spring is scored for

The expressionist movement in music and art flourished in the years

The twentieth-century artistic movement that stressed intense, subjective emotion was called

Expressionism as an artistic movement was largely centered in

Expressionism grew out of the same intellectual climate as Freud’s studies of

Twentieth-century musical expressionism grew out of the emotional turbulence in the works of late romantics such as

One of the immediate predecessors of expressionism was the composer

Richard Strauss’s operas Salome and Elektra were known for their

The operas of Richard Strauss use chromaticism and dissonance to depict

Expressionist painters, writers, and composers used ______________ to assault and shock their audience.

Distortion is a technique used primarily in the __________ period.

Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Twentieth-century musical expressionism grows out of the emotional turbulence in the works of late romantics like Wagner, Richard Strauss, and Gustav Mahler.
B. Expressionist artists favored pleasant subjects, delicate pastel colors, and shimmering surfaces.
C. A stress on harsh dissonance, an exploitation of extreme registers, fragmentation, and unusual instrumental effects are all characteristics of expressionistic compositions.
D. Expressionist painters reacted against French impressionism; they often used jarring colors and grotesquely distorted shapes to explore the subconscious.

Expressionism is an art concerned with

All of the following painters may be considered part of the expressionist movement except

The expressionists rejected

Expressionist composers

Schoenberg’s teacher was

Schoenberg’s first musical hero was

Schoenberg acquired his profound knowledge of music by

Alban Berg and Anton Webern were Arnold Schoenberg’s

When Schoenberg arrived in the United States after the Nazis seized power in Germany, he obtained a teaching position at

Schoenberg’s third period, in which he developed the twelve-tone system, began around

An eerily expressive kind of declamation midway between song and speech, introduced during the expressionist period, is

Schoenberg developed an unusual style of vocal performance, halfway between speaking and singing, called

The ordering of the twelve chromatic tones in a twelve-tone composition is called a

Which of the following terms is not used to describe the special ordering of the twelve chromatic tones in twelve-tone composition?

The text of A Survivor from Warsaw

A Survivor from Warsaw used three languages: English, German, and

When he was nineteen, Alban Berg began to study music privately with

Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Typical of expressionist composers, Berg scored his opera Wozzeck for a small chamber orchestra.
B. The vocal line in Berg’s opera Wozzeck includes speaking, shrieking, Sprechstimme, distorted folk songs, and melodies with wide leaps that are difficult to sing.
C. Though written in the early 1830s, Georg Büchner’s play Woyzeck is amazingly modern in its starkly realistic dialogue and disconnected scenes.
D. A novel feature of Berg’s opera Wozzeck is that the music for each scene is a self-contained composition with a particular form or of a definite type.

Which of the following is not a composition by Alban Berg?

Georg Büchner’s play Woyzeck was written in the

The vocal lines in Wozzeck include

Anton Webern

Webern’s melodic lines are

Anton Webern’s twelve-tone works contain many examples of

Webern’s Five Pieces for Orchestra are scored for

Béla Bartók’s principal performing medium was

From 1907 to 1934 Béla Bartók taught __________ at his alma mater, and gave recitals throughout Europe.

Béla Bartók was a leading authority on

Béla Bartók evolved a completely individual style that fused folk elements with

The melodies Béla Bartók used in most of his works are

While not rejecting any influence, Béla Bartók emphasized that the strongest influence on his music was

Béla Bartók’s ______________ are widely thought to be the finest since those of Ludwig van Beethoven.

While remaining within the framework of a tonal center, Béla Bartók often used _________ in his music.

Béla Bartók’s Concerto for Orchestra

Charles Ives’s father was a(n)

After graduating from Yale, Charles Ives

During most of his lifetime, Charles Ives’s musical compositions

Charles Ives’s music contains elements of

Which of the following compositions is not by Charles Ives?

Charles Ives’s large and varied output includes works in many genres, but not

Putnam’s Camp, Redding, Connecticut, is a movement from Charles Ives’s

Putnam’s Camp, Redding, Connecticut, is a child’s impression of

Putnam’s Camp, Redding, Connecticut, illustrates Charles Ives’s technique of quoting snatches of familiar tunes by presenting fragments of

George Gershwin grew up in

Gershwin left high school at the age of fifteen to

Gershwin’s first piano teacher was

Which of the following musicals is not by George Gershwin?

Which of the following works is not by George Gershwin?

The Gershwin song that became a tremendous hit in 1920 was

George Gershwin usually collaborated with the lyricist

Porgy and Bess is a(n)

Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue opens with

“Harlem Renaissance” was the name

William Grant Still

After serving in the navy and a brief return to studies at Oberlin College, William Grant Still moved to New York where he

As a result of his studies in composition with composers from two opposing musical camps, the conservative George Whitefield Chadwick and the modernist Edgard Varèse, Still

William Grant Still’s works in African American style, such as his Afro-American Symphony of 1931, were

As a composer, William Grant Still

William Grant Still’s Afro-American Symphony

William Grant Still’s opera dealing with the Haitian slave rebellion is

The flowering of African American culture called the “Harlem Renaissance” spanned the years

Each movement of William Grant Still’s Afro-American Symphony is prefaced by lines from a poem by

Aaron Copland was born in

In 1921 Copland went to France, where he was the first American to study composition with

In 1925, after Copland returned from France, American music meant

In 1925, and for a few years afterward, Copland’s music showed the influence of

Aaron Copland’s name has become synonymous with American music because of his use of

Which of the following works was not composed by Aaron Copland?

Which of the following works was not composed by Aaron Copland?

n example of Copland’s use of serialist technique is

In addition to his compositions, Copland made valuable contributions to music in America by

Appalachian Spring originated as a

Appalachian Spring originated as a ballet score for the great modern dancer and choreographer

Copland depicted “Scenes of daily activity for the Bride and her Farmer-husband” in Appalachian Spring through

Alberto Ginastera, one of the most prominent Latin-American composers of the 20th century, was born in

One of Ginastera’s early works, Estancia Suite, is

Ginastera’s Estancia Suite was originally conceived as a

Alberto Ginastera’s Estancia Suite uses a large orchestra and is in___ movements.

The last movement of Ginastera’s Estancia Suite, titled “Final Dance: Malambo”, makes use of an form.

In 1945 Ginastera moved to the United States where he had the opportunity to study with the well known American composer

Since World War II, musical styles have

Composer John Adams believes that today’s composers can draw from

All of the following are major developments in music since 1950 except the

Composers began to shift from tonality to the twelve-tone system because

The twelve-tone composer whose style was most imitated in the 1950s and 1960s was

Serialism is a compositional technique in which

Twelve-tone compositional techniques used to organize rhythm, dynamics, tone color, and other dimensions of music to produce totally controlled and organized music are called

A major composer associated with the serialist movement is

All of the following are proponents of serialism except

In chance, or aleatory music the composer

An example of aleatoric music is

Minimalism as an artistic movement was a

Which of the following characteristics is not true of minimalist music?

Minimalist music is characterized by

Which of the following is not primarily known as a minimalist composer?

Minimalist music grew out of the same intellectual climate as minimalist art, which features

Many composers since the mid-1960s have made extensive use of quotations from earlier music as an attempt to

Since 1950 many composers have returned to

Composers who have returned to the use of tonality have been called

Some works composed since 1945 are both

Intervals smaller than the half step are called

Around 1940, John Cage invented the prepared piano, a(n)

Ionisation, the first important work for percussion ensemble, was composed by

Edgard Varèse’s Poème électronique

Ellen Taaffe Zwilich is a

Ellen Taaffe Zwilich won the 1983 Pulitzer Prize for Music for her composition

Ellen Taffee Zwilich’s Concerto Grosso 1985 is an example of

Which of the following compositions was not composed by John Adams?

John Adams’s Short Ride in a Fast Machine is scored for a

Elliott Carter’s complex & highly dissonant style may be attributed in part to the influence of
his former mentor

Elliott Carter’s composition Shard is written for

Elliott Carter’s technique of using many precisely regulated changes in the speed of the music in order to give it a felling of fluidity is known as