17th & 18th Century Poetry - Background Notes
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1603
death of Queen Elizabeth I
1660 – 1702
Restoration Period
Charles I and James I
protestant, antagonize, create religious controversy, clash with parliament, both believed in the divine right of kings,
Which was worse, James I or Charles I ?
Charles
James I
1603 – 1625
Charles I
1625- 1642
the roundheads
against the king
cavaliers
supporters of the king
oliver cromwell
leader of the commonwealth; puritan; encouraged freedom of religion.
first time women were on stage
1600 – Nel Gwen
Francis Bacon
essayist; father of modern science
metaphysical conceits
metaphors aimed at starling the reader
john donne
born catholic but abandoned his faith; womanizer (married Anne More, 16), put in prison; converted to Anglicanism.
andrew marvell
used metaphysical conciets, used carpe diem
cavalier poets
poetic theme “carpe diem”, Herrick and Lovelace
john milton
puritan writer, born catholic, wrote pamphlets
1702-1798
a full century, unlike the 17th century
The Restoration
restoring the monarchy and the Church of England
18th century
conviction of man’s intellectual superiority
first encyclopedia
diderot
dictionary is revised my
johnson
deism
god as a clockwork, universe as a clock, no expectation of divine intervention.
characteristics
balance, sophistication, rationalism, skepticism,
1702 – 1750
age of swift and pope, big use of satire.
1750 – 1785
Age of Johnson
1785 – 1798
Pre- Romantic
Johnathan Swift
born of english parents in ireland; Anglican minister, hated mankind but loves the individual, scathing satirist.
Alexander Pope
born catholic, mocked because of his deformity, loved mankind, perfected the heroic couplet, wrote with a lot of dry wit.
Samuel Johnson
epitome of the 18th century, essayist, poet, scholar, and critic.
The Dictionary
Samuel Johnson
Holy Sonnet 14 – Batter My Heart
John Donne
Holy Sonnet 10 – Death Be Not Proud
John Donne
Know Then Thyself
Alexander Pope
Rape of the Lock
Alexander Pope
A Modest Proposal
Jonathan Swift
To The Virgins To Make Much of Time
Robert Herrick
To Lucasta
Richard Lovelace
To Althea From Prison
Richard Lovelace
On His Having Arrived At the Age of Twenty-Three
John Milton
Meditation 17
John Donne
On His Blindness
John Milton
Death Be Not Proud
John Donne
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