IGCSE History: World War I – Documentary

IGCSE History: World War I – Documentary

From the documentary ’1914-1918′:

Kaiser Wilhelm II promised Paris for lunch and St. Petersburg for dinner.

The Germans utilized the Big Bertha for the Battle of Verdun:

• Huge howitzer.
• Could fire 820kg shells.

As the Germans advanced through Belgium:

• Citizens fought back.
• Snipers attacked inflicting large casualties.
• This slowed the German advance.

Sniper attacks were nerve-racking for the Germans:

• “Unless they shot first no one knew where the enemy was” reports a soldier.
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• There was no defense against this.
• Nerve-racked German troopers would condone slaughter at the slightest provocation.

At the time:

• 10 Belgian civilians died for each German soldier they killed.

Propaganda:

• British authorities started a propaganda war with Germany.
• Germany was made to appear as a:
• Beast; Germans were genetically bestial.
• A bully crushing smaller nations fighting for survival e.g. Belgium.

The British army was based on volunteers:

• Even football matches became recruiting drives.
• Towns and cities competed to see which could raise the most recruits.

• “Join up with your friends” became the recruiting slogan.

Many signed up with their friends. These groups were kept together in the army:

• Their members would be sent to the same outposts.
• This had a huge impact on morale:
• Men had to watch as their friends died in battle.

All recruits had to be of good health and aged between 19 and 30.

1914, Kitchener had a large army at his command.

• It was an army built on the patriotism of the British people.
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• Some people joined because they wished to escape the boredom of agricultural life.

Alsace and Lorraine: