An Overview of Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic disease marked by the presence of uterine lining (endometrium) on organs other than the uterus Endometriosis is most commonly found in and around the ovaries or bladder, but it has also been found in the lungs, brain and more The exact cause of endometriosis is currently unknown. One theory is that women experience a type of retrograde menstruation. However, the reason for that is not clear. Another hypothesis states that pelvic organs may contain primitive cells that can transform into endometrium.

In rare cases, endometrium cells may be transplanted to new locations during surgery, causing growth in that area. Women with endomeu’iosis usually experience pain in the afflicted area and can have a difficult time getting pregnant. Though there is no cure for endometriosis, researchers are continually looking for methods to control endometrium growth. Women with endometriosis can use oral contraceptives to limit or stop their menstruation, ceasing the production of endometrium.

When the pain cannot be controlled, most women with endometriosis will go through some surgery (typically a minimally invasive laparoscopy) to remove the endometrial tissue.

An imbalance of reproductive hormones causes polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Having PCOS can lead to infertility, acne, irregular menstrual cycles, thinning hair and the development of numerous cysts in the ovaries, One unique symptom of PCOS is the growth of excessive amounts of hair (hirsutism) on the chin, face, etct Like endometriosis, the cause of PCOS is highly debated. The most likely trigger for PCOS is a high level of androgens The androgens prevent a woman from ovulating and can make her develop acne and hirsutism.

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There is also evidence for a correlation between high levels of insulin and PCOS, The reason for this is not yet established, Similar to endometriosis, hormonal birth control is used to treat PCOS, Oral contraceptives can lower androgen levels, controlling symptoms of PCOS. Metformin, a medication that makes the body more sensitive to insulin, can be used for PCOS as wellt Medicines that promote ovulation (such as Clomid) may be prescribed to a woman with PCOS. On top of pharmaceutical drugs, doctors often recommend lifestyle changes that include weight loss and healthier eating habits, Both men and women are at risk of infertility.

Women may experience issues with their hormones or ovaries, Problems that occur in the female reproductive system include: ovulation disorders, blocked fallopian tubes, endometriosis, PCOS and poor egg health Oddly enough, some women (and men) produce anti-sperm antibodies and trigger an immune response when they come in contact with sperm. Often times, infertile men suffer complications with their sperm. A man’s sperm count may be too low, or they have weak sperm in general, Men can also be afflicted with Vas Deferens blockage, which stops sperm from being transported through the epididymist A large portion of infertility cases are never fully understood, and the causes remain a mystery. For whatever reason, men are more commonly diagnosed with infertility. It is estimated that about 1 in 20 men will be plagued with infertility while only about 10% of women are.