Culminating Task

“Chemistry; the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the investigation of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change; and the use of these processes to form new substances.”

Introduction

Generally, chemistry is the study of substances, compounds, and the ways they’re created. Chemical equations represent what occurs in a chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is made up of reactants and products. The reactants are the beginning substances/compounds, and the products are the new compounds that form within the reaction.

From section six of Investigating Science 10 (Pearson, 2009), chemical reactions can be classified into five general categories: synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, and neutralization. Synthesis is a reaction in which two compounds or elements are combinedto produce a single product. The general synthesis equation would be: A + B ? AB. Decomposition is the chemical process in which a compound breaks down into individual substances/compounds, seen as : AB ? A + B in an equation.

Single displacement is a chemical reaction where one element replaces another element in a compound to form a new compound and single element. This equation would appear as:A + BC ? AC + B. There are two types of single displacement; cationic (a single cation replaces the cation in the compound) and anionic (a single anion replaces the anion in the compound). There is double displacement, a reaction in which two compounds exchange bonds or ions in order to form two different compounds of the same elements, which can be as follows: AB + CD ? AD + CB.

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Lastly, there is neutralization, a reaction that occurs between an acid and a base; the H+ ion in acids react with the OH- ions in bases to form water and a salt, typically formatted as: HA + BOH ? AB + H2O.

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