Fallacies, Ethos, Pathos, Logos Examples in Gothic Literature

Failure in reasoning, weak argument, makes argument weaker while making it stronger at the same time

“To the man”
Attacks people rather than the argument
“You’re wrong because you’re ugly”

Coming to the conclusion that a certain idea has merit because many people believe it
“She has that new shirt so I have to have that new shirt”

Can be used as a pathos technique
“Because you let the absent student turn in her homework late, you should let all students turn in their homework late”

Taking arguments from an opponent out of context or misinterpreting information/Ignoring the entirety of the statements

Stating that something is correct only because something else is correct
“Since you don’t spend a lot of money, you must save a lot”

Selective thinking, Focusing on evidence that believers already believe in while ignoring evidence that refutes their evidence

Repeating everything that you’ve already stated
“The key to success is circular reasoning?”
“Yes because circular reasoning is the key to success”

When the arguer distracts the attention of another individual by changing the subject

When you believe that only one example proves your argument
“Every time I visit Florida, it’s raining.

It’s always raining in Florida”

Inference/Conclusion that doesn’t follow from already established evidence
“We should stop using hairspray because it snows in New York”

Change in procedure, law or action, will result in adverse consequences.

Often uses scare tactics
Being extra
“School is killing us. Homework is made of paper, paper is made of trees, we need trees for oxygen School is killing us”

The Surgeon General warns smoking can adversely affect your health

My opponent wants to hurt the elderly by cutting Medicare

Cardiologists recommend Ecotrin more than any other brand of aspirin

A commercial shows an image of a happy couple riding in a Corvette.

A commercial shows expected yearly savings for a car with great gas mileage.

It’ll blow you mind away

As a doctor, I am qualified to tell you that this course of treatment will likely generate the best results.

Where would we be without this tradition?

It’s a matter of common sense that people deserve to be treated equally. The Constitution calls it ‘self-evident.’ Why, then, should I have been denied a seat because of my disability?

He is a forensics and ballistics expert for the federal government – if anyone’s qualified to determine the murder weapon, it’s him.

After years of this type of disrespect from your boss, countless hours wasted, birthdays missed… it’s time that you took a stand

Private demand for the product has tapered off for the past three years, and this year’s sales figures are at an all-time low. It’s time to research other options

If my age doesn’t convince you that my opinion matters, at least consider that I am your grandfather and I love you dearly.

The algorithms have been run in a thousand different ways, and the math continues to check out

Marcotte is a special breed of crazy: a paranoid misandrist with a persecution complex and a broken moral compass

David Hofmann of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa), which published the figures, said: “Over this last decade the growth rates in carbon dioxide have been higher

Is Bush an idiot? Is that even debatable? But it IS nice to see the mainstream FINALLY help point it out to those who have had blinders on for the last five years

As an African American child growing up in America, I had to learn about my heritage by myself. Today I can help children grow up aware of the contributions African Americans have made to the development of our great country

This single farm of ours would support a
dozen horses, twenty cows, hundreds of
sheep

Dramatic events: ghosts, demons, anything explainable

Isolated, obscure prophecy netted to it

Revolves around a mystery, prophecies, omens and supernatural events influence this

Raw nerves, these can overcome characters

Appeal to sympathy of the reader
End up terrified, screaming, or sobbing

Demands the female to do something intolerable

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