grizal exercise1

BUGAING, Jade Mharie I.BSCE 1 2:30-3:30 MWFP207

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a.)Mi Primera InspiracionYear of Publication: 1874

Original Language: Spanish

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b.) A La Juventud Filipina

Year of Publication: 1879

Original Language: Spanish

Historical Context: The Liceo Artistico-Literario de Manila, an association of arts lovers in Manila regularly held literary contests to stimulate and develop literary talents. In 1879, it opened one for works in verse and prose with a special prize to Filipinos and half-breeds.

Rizal participated in the contest by submitting a poem entitled, “To The Filipino Youth,” (A La Juventud Filipina). CITATION Cap77 l 4105 (Capino, Gonzalez, & Pineda, 1977)Motivations of Rizal in Writing:

He identified himself as a “native” which he, later, likes to become a national ideology.

With his ardent nationalism and patriotism, he would like to point out our country as the Motherland of the Filipinos since the Philippines is a crown colony of Spain which means identifying Spain, the Motherland.

He eagerly likes to shake off the belief among the Filipinos that the white man was superior to them.

Content of the Literature: The poem inspires the youth to develop their talents, look forward, break the chain of their “bondage”, and take pride of their country. The nationalistic poem ends with an expression of Rizal’s deep sense of gratitude and asking blessings from the Almighty to our dear country.

c.) Amor Patria

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d.) Noli Me TangereYear of Publication: 1887

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Historical Context: Rizal began to write Noli Me Tangere in Madrid where he finished half of it. He wrote one fourth more of the book in Paris and the other fourth in Germany. The book was published in Berlin, Germany in March 1887.

Motivations of Rizal in Writing: Here are Rizal’s reasons for writing the book.

In a letter to Felix R. Hidalgo: To reply to the insults which have been heaped and were intended to belittle Filipinos and the Philippines for so many centuries; to describe the social condition, the life in the Philippines, the Filipino’s beliefs, hopes, desires, complaints and sorrows; to unmask hypocrisy of religion, specifically Catholicism, that impoverished and brutalized Filipinos like capitalizing the holy word in order to extract money; to lift the curtain in order to show what is behind the deceitful and glittering words of our government; to tell the Filipinos about their defects, vices, culpable or blameworthy and cowardly complacency with the miseries of the Philippines

Writing to Marcelo H. del Pilar: To stir the patriotism of his countrymen

In thanking Mariano Ponce for what he had done in making the book known: “You know that the Noli Me Tangere was written for the Filipinos and it is necessary that the Filipinos read it.”

Content of the Literature: It was all about Crisostomo Ibarra, a son of a wealthy landlord, Rafael Ibarra, and is betrothed from the early youth of Maria Clara. He studied abroad but during his absence, his father who has a Spanish blood himself, ran afoul with the authorities by accidentally killing an ignorant Spanish tax collector who threatened him because of helping a little boy who was harmed by the tax collector. Rafael Ibarra died in jail and he was denied from a Christian burial by Father Damaso who is the real father of Maria Clara. The story continues with the depiction of the hypocrisy of Catholicism bringing out the dirty works of the priests. At the end, there is a glimpse of a beautiful young nun standing on the ridge of the roof of the convent with arms and face raised toward the sky as if praying.

e.) El FilibusterismoYear of Publication: 1891

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Historical Context: It has a four year gap from the publication of Noli Me Tangere and in those years, Rizal’s mind had matured because of the horrifying happenings done to his family. So Rizal began his El Filibusterismo in October 1887 which was finished and published on September 18, 1891 in Ghent, Belgium.

Motivations of Rizal in Writing: In a letter to Blumentritt, he said that he did not write this book for the idea of revenge to his enemies but for the good of those who are suffering. He was also with greater ardour because he wanted his people to know their stand—to join, to oppose or to be indifferent to the demands of a revolution as the solution to the increasing sufferings of the Filipinos. Another thing that seasoned the writing of El Filibusterismo was his bitter experiences further enriched by what he observed when he went back after Noli Me Tangere, the sufferings of his family and countrymen.

Content of the Literature: As a sequel of the Noli Me Tangere, Crisostomo Ibarra who survived the dramatic chase at the open lake left the Philippines and wandered around the world to amass great wealth and returns to the Philippines after thirteen years in the person of Simoun. Being known as the Captain-General apart from his many aliases, he proposed to encourage corruption in the government to foment or cause the development of economic distress in the community that should drive the people to start a revolution but the young native intellectuals who are dedicated to reforms served as the biggest obstacles in his plans. In the ending part, there is a nuptial feast of Paulita Gomez, the richest heiress of the city, that will be held where all the rulers of Manila will attend and Simoun planned to send a fancy lamp as his wedding gift which is in reality a bomb. He took one of the young intellectuals, Isagani, who is Paulita’s rejected suitor. Isagani is warned to get away but when he learned the details of the plot, he rushed into the house, seized the deadly lamp and throwed it into the river to save his beloved. Simoun, now a grevious fugitive, took refuge in the mountain retreat of Father Florentino, a virtuous Filipino priest, and died there before the authorities can arrest him. Then, the priest took the dead man’s treasure chest and hurled it into the sea “where it will not work woe, distort justice and foment avarice.”

f.) MakamisaYear of Publication:

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g.) To the Young Women of MalolosYear of Publication: 1889

Original Language: Tagalog

Historical Context: It was written in Europe.

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CITATION Jua57 l 4105 (Collas, 1957)h.) The Indolence of the Filipino People

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i.) Philippines, A Century Hence

Year of Publication: 1889-1890

Original Language: Spanish

Historical Context: As “Filipinas dentro de Cien A?os”, this article was originally published serially in the Filipino fortnightly review “La Solidaridad”, of Madrid, running through the issues from September, 1889, to January, 1890. It was then translated by Charles Derbyshire and was republished in 1912.

Motivations of Rizal in Writing: This was written to foretell the next one hundred years of the Philippines

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j.) Mi Ultimo Adios

Year of Publication: 1897

Original Language: Spanish

Historical Context: This last poem of Rizal was actually untitled and unsigned until Mariano Ponce, the man who helped Rizal make his book “Noli Me Tangere” known, set the title as “My Last Farewell” (Mi Ultimo Adios) after he read a copy of it. This poem was given by Rizal to his sister, Trinidad who came with Do?a Teodora and her daughters, on the eve of his execution, December 29, 1896. It was in a little alcohol cooking stove and lamp. Rizal whispering in English to Trinidad, “There is something in it.”

Motivations of Rizal in Writing: It is the eve of his execution and that he needs to bid farewell to his love ones including our country and he also likes to send comfort words to his mother that he will go in a place where there is peace and justice and where God rules over.

Content of the Literature: The poem bade farewell to his country, his family and his friends in lines of dignity and grace devoid of bitterness.

Bibliography

BIBLIOGRAPHY Capino, D. G., Gonzalez, M. A., & Pineda, F. E. (1977). Rizal’s Life, Works and Writings: Their Impact on our National Identity. Quezon City: JMC Press, Inc.

Collas, J. (1957). Rizal’s Unknown Writings. Manila: Bookman, Inc.