Music History 1A
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Music can be defined as
An art based on the organization of sounds in time
In general, the smaller the vibrating element, the____its pitch
higher
Tone color is synonymous with _____
timbre
Plucking the string with the finger instead of using a bow is called_____
pizzicato
Brass instruments did not acquire valves until the middle of the____century
19th
______is a standard adopted by manufacturers for interfacing synthesizer equipment
MIDI
Melody may be defined as
a series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole
Harmony refers to
the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other
The sense of relatedness to a central tone is known as_______
tonality
A shift from one key to another within the same composition is called________
modulation
Musical texture refers to
All of the above
(how many different layers are heard, what kinds of layers, how the layers relate)
(how many different layers are heard, what kinds of layers, how the layers relate)
Form in music is
the organization of musical ideas in time
Bringing the printed symbols of a page of music to life is the job of the________
performer
Most of the conductor’s work
is done in rehearsal
The Renaissance, a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years_____
1450-1600
The baroque period in western music is usally given as______
1600-1750
Classical, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years_________
1750-1820
The Romantic, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years_____
1820-1900
In the middle ages, most important musicians were_____
priests
Most medieval music was______
vocal
Gregorian chant
All of the above
(set to sacred latin texts, retained some elements of jewish synagogue, was official music of Roman catholic church)
(set to sacred latin texts, retained some elements of jewish synagogue, was official music of Roman catholic church)
Gregorian chant is named after Pope Gregory I, who
is credited by medieval legend with having created it, even though it evolved over many centuries
The French secular songs of the Middle Ages usually dealth with
All the above
(the Crusades, spinning, love)
(the Crusades, spinning, love)
An estampie is a medieval______
dance
In medieval times, most polyphonic music was created by
placing new melodic lines against known chants
The Notre Dame Mass by Guillaume de Machaut was
the first polyphonic treatment of the mass ordinary by a known composer
The Renaissance may be described as an age of
All of the above
(Curiosity and individualism, exploration and adventure, rebirth of human creativity)
(Curiosity and individualism, exploration and adventure, rebirth of human creativity)
Renaissance music sounds more “full” than medieval music because
All of the above
The movement in which the Catholic church sought to correct abuses and malpractices within its structure is known as the______
counter-reformation
An attempt was made to purify Catholic church music as a result of the
deliberations of the council of trent
The Renaissance madrigal is a
piece for several solo voices set to a short poem, usually about love
During the Renaissance, every educated person was expected to
All of the above (read musical notation, play a musical instrument, be skilled in dance)
A long, sustained tone or tones accompanying a melody is a________
drone
The word baroque has, at various times, meant all the following except
naturalistic
Baroque style fluorished in music during the period
1600-1750
The early Baroque was characterized by
homophonic texture
The middle baroque was characterized by
a diffusion of the style into every corner of europe
Insturmental music became as important as vocal music for the first time in the _____period
Classical
The compelling drive in energy in Baroque music are usually provided by
repeated rhythmic patterns
Terraced dynamics refers to
the sudden alternation from one dynamic level to another
The orchestra evolved during the Baroque period into a performing group based on insturments of the ______family
violin
The music director of a court in the Baroque period
All of the above
(supervised and directed, composed, responsible for discipline)
(supervised and directed, composed, responsible for discipline)
The position of the composer during the Baroque period was that of a(n)
high-class servant with few personal rights
A polyphonic composition based on one main theme, a cornerstone of Baroque music, is the ________
fugue
A(n)______is a play, set to music, sung to orchestral accompaniment, with scenery, costumes, and action
opera
The _____ is the person who keeps time, indicated expression, cues in musicians, and controls the balance among insturments and voices
conductor
A(n)_______is an orchestral composition performed before the curtain rises on a dramatic work
overture
The first opera house in Europe to offer entry to anyone with the price of admission opened in 1637 in
Venice
The sonata in the Baroque was a composition in several movements for
one to eight instruments
Baroque trio sonatas usually involve _____ performers
four
Vivaldi was famous and influential as a virtuoso
violinist
Of bach’s twenty children, ______ went on to become well-known composers
four
Bach created masterpieces in every Baroque form except the_____
opera
A collection of “twice twenty-four” preludes and fugues, one in each major and minor key, basic to the repertoire of keyboard players today, is Bach’s
The Well-Tempered Cavalier
The French overture has
two sections:slow-fast
A large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative biblical text, is called
oratorio
George Frederic Handel was born in 1685, the same year as _______
Johann Sebastian Bach
In addition to being a composer and opera impresario, Handel was a virtuoso _______
organist/harpsichordist
The classical period, as a stylistic period in western art and music, roughly encompassed the years
1750-1820
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach and____were two or more important pre-classical composers
Johann Christian Bach
The typical orchestra of the Classical period consisted of
string,s pairs of woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and tympani
The prospering middle class in the Classical period sought aristocratic luxuries such as
All of the above
(theater, literature, music)
(theater, literature, music)
Sonata form is used frequently as the form for the _____ movement of a multi-movement work
first
A transitional passage that leads to a contrasting section is called a _______
bridge
The three main sections of a sonata-form movement are often followed by a concluding section known as the_______
coda
The character of the minuet is best described as
stately and dignified
The scherzo differs from the minuet in that it moves more_____
quickly
The rondo may be schematically outlined as_______
ABACABA
In pure sense, symphony may be defined as
All of the above
Unity is achieved in the classical symphony partly by the use of the same
key in three of its four movements
A classical concerto is a three-movement work for
instrumental soloist and orchestra
classical chamber music is designed
for the intimate setting of a small room
The classical string quartet is a musical composition for_________
two violins, a viola, and a cello
Haydn’s duties while in the service of the Esterhazys included
all of the above
By the age of six, Mozart could
All of the above
(play harpsichord and violin, improvise fugues and write minuets, read music perfectly at sight)
(play harpsichord and violin, improvise fugues and write minuets, read music perfectly at sight)
Haydn’s contract of employment shows that he was considered a skilled______
servant
Between the ages of six and fifteen, Mozart
was continually on tour in england and europe
In composing music, Mozart
composed extended works completely in his mind
Mozart’s finest German opera is
The Magic Flute
Mozart’s symphony No.
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is one of his last three symphonies
The Third Symphony of Beethoven was originally composed to commemorate the deeds of_______as an embodiment of heroism and democratic ideals.
Napoleon Bonaparte
Beethoven
all of the above
(brilliant pianist, self educated, began to feel deaf in twenties)
(brilliant pianist, self educated, began to feel deaf in twenties)
We have a record of Beethoven’s struggle with his musical material because of his habit of_______
carrying musical sketchbooks
The musical heir of Haydn and Mozart, Beethoven bridged the _____ and _____ periods
classical and romantic
In Beethoven’s music, the coda is
often expanded and serves to develop themes further
Beethoven greatly expanded the_____ section of the sonata-form movement and made it more dramatic
development
The Romantic, a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years
1820-1900
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic aspect of Romanticism in literature and painting?
emotional restraint
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Romanticism in music?
emotional restaint
Drawing creative inspiration from the folk songs, dances, and legends of a composers homeland is
nationalism
Fascination with national identity also led composers to draw on colorful materials from foreign lands, a trend known as musical _______
exoticism
An orchestra toward the end of the Romantic period might include close to_____musicians
100
A slight slowing down or speeding up of the tempo, characteristically employed in the performance of much Romantic music, is________
Rubato
Because of the French Revolution and __________, many aristocrats could no longer afford to maintain private opera houses, orchestras, and “composers in residence”
Napleonic Wars
The composer whose career was a model for many Romantic composers was________
Ludwig Van Beethoven
A romantic composer who earned his living as a touring virtuoso was________
Liszt
The rise of the urban middle class led to the
all of the above
A very imporant musical part of ever middle-class home during the romantic period was the________
piano
An art song is a musical compositions for ___________
solo voice and piano
Schubert’s primary source of income came from his
musical compositions
RObert Schumann founded and edited the New Journal of Music
to promote musical originality and combat the commercial trash that flooded the market
Clara Wieck was
all of the above
Most of Chopin’s pieces
are exquisite miniatures
A study piece, designed to help a performer master specific technical difficulties, is known as a _________
tude
Until the age of 36, Liszt toured Europe as a virtuoso ____________
pianist
Liszt’s piano works are charazterized by
All of the above
The symphonic poem, or tone poem, a one-movement orchestral composition…..created by__________
Franz Liszt
Besides his music achievements, Mendelssohn was a
all of the above
Mendelssohn earned an international reputation and rekindled an interest in an earlier composers music by condudcting the first performance of________since the aforementioned earlier composer’s death
Bach’s St. Matthew Passion
Mendelssohn’s concerto for violin in E Minor opens with a
soloist, who presents the main theme
Music History 1A. (2018, Jan 30). Retrieved from https://paperap.com/paper-on-music-history-1a/
